About the Authors
- Yoshitada Sakai
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* E-mail: sakai.yoshitada@gm.himeji-du.ac.jp
Affiliations Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
- Masahiko Miwa
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Keisuke Oe
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Takeshi Ueha
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Affiliation NeoChemir Inc., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Akihiro Koh
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Takahiro Niikura
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Takashi Iwakura
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Sang Yang Lee
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Masaya Tanaka
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Affiliation NeoChemir Inc., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Masahiro Kurosaka
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Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
Competing Interests
The hydro-gel was received as a gift from NeoChemir Inc. Takeshi Uhea is a full-time employee of NeoChemir Inc. Masaya Tanaka is Chief Executive Officer of NeoChemir Inc. and has patent licensing arrangements with the hydro-gel and CO2 application. The international patent publication number is WO2004/002393; the publication date is January 8, 2004. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conducted all experiments: YS MM. Created the investigation device for the rat skin experiment: KO TU. Analyzed the data: YS MM KO TU. Contributed to the experiments of the dissociation of Hb using NIRS: TN TI. Developed the novel system of transcutaneous application of CO2: MT. Supervised all aspects of this study: MK. Wrote the manuscript: YS MM SYL.