About the Authors

Cordula Frohoff

Affiliation Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Magendhree Moodley

Affiliation Wits Institute for Sexual Reproductive Health HIV & Related Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Lee Fairlie

Affiliation Wits Institute for Sexual Reproductive Health HIV & Related Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Ashraf Coovadia

Affiliation Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Harry Moultrie

Affiliation Wits Institute for Sexual Reproductive Health HIV & Related Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Louise Kuhn

Affiliation Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Tammy Meyers

tammy@meyers.net

Affiliation Harriet Shezi Clinic, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TM LK AC HM CF MM LF. Performed the experiments: AC LK TM HM. Analyzed the data: CF LK. Wrote the manuscript: CF MM LF AC HM LK TM. Collected data: CF MM LF AC HM TM.