About the Authors

Xiaohong Zhou

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaohong Zhou, Lily L. Wong

Current address: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Howe Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma, College of Medicine, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America

Lily L. Wong

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaohong Zhou, Lily L. Wong

james-mcginnis@ouhsc.edu (JFM); lily-wong@ouhsc.edu (LLW)

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma, College of Medicine, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America

Ajay S. Karakoti

Current address: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Affiliations Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma, College of Medicine, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America, Advanced Materials Processing Analysis Center, Mechanical Materials Aerospace Engineering, Nanoscience, and Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America

Sudipta Seal

Affiliations Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma, College of Medicine, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America, Advanced Materials Processing Analysis Center, Mechanical Materials Aerospace Engineering, Nanoscience, and Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America

James F. McGinnis

james-mcginnis@ouhsc.edu (JFM); lily-wong@ouhsc.edu (LLW)

Affiliations Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma, College of Medicine, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology and Cell Biology, Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts. LLW, SS, and JFM are coinventors of US patent: Inhibition of reactive oxygen species and protection of mammalian cells (7347987, March 25, 2008). LLW, XZ, SS, and JFM are coinventors of US patent: Inhibition of neovascularization by cerium oxide nanoparticles (7727559, June 01, 2010).

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XZ LLW ASK SS JFM. Performed the experiments: XZ ASK. Analyzed the data: XZ LLW ASK SS JFM. Wrote the paper: XZ LLW ASK SS JFM.