About the Authors
- Rita Patel
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Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Richard M. Martin
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Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Michael S. Kramer
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Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Canada, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Canada
- Emily Oken
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Affiliation Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, United States of America
- Natalia Bogdanovich
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Affiliation The National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
- Lidia Matush
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Affiliation The National Research and Applied Medicine Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Belarus
- George Davey Smith
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Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Debbie A. Lawlor
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* E-mail: d.a.lawlor@bristol.ac.uk
Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: GDS DAL. Performed the experiments: MSK NB LM. Analyzed the data: RP DAL. Wrote the paper: DAL. Made critical comments on paper: RP RMM MSK EO NB LM GDS. Obtained funding for the study: RMM MSK EO.