About the Authors
- Debbie A. Lawlor
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* E-mail: d.a.lawlor@bristol.ac.uk
Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Roger M. Harbord
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Nic J. Timpson
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Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Gordon D. O. Lowe
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Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Ann Rumley
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Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Tom R. Gaunt
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Ian Baker
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- John W. G. Yarnell
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Mika Kivimäki
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Meena Kumari
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Paul E. Norman
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Affiliation School of Surgery and Pathology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Konrad Jamrozik
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Affiliation School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Graeme J. Hankey
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Affiliation School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Osvaldo P. Almeida
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Affiliation Western Australian Centre for Health & Ageing, University of Australia, Perth, Australia
- Leon Flicker
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Affiliation Western Australian Centre for Health & Ageing, University of Australia, Perth, Australia
- Nicole Warrington
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Affiliation Laboratory for Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Michael G. Marmot
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Yoav Ben-Shlomo
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Lyle J. Palmer
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Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Laboratory for Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Ian N. M. Day
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Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Shah Ebrahim
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- George Davey Smith
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Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: DAL NJT GDS. Performed the experiments: DAL IB JWGY PEN KJ GH OPA LF MM YBS SE. Analyzed the data: DAL RMH MK MK NW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GL AR TG LP INMD. Wrote the paper: DAL RMH NJT GL AR TG IB JWGY MK MK PEN KJ GH OPA LF NW MM YBS LP INMD SE GDS.