About the Authors

Karthik P. Jayapal

Affiliation Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Robin J. Philp

Affiliation Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Yee-Jiun Kok

Affiliation Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Miranda G. S. Yap

Affiliation Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore

David H. Sherman

Affiliations Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Life Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Life Sciences Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Timothy J. Griffin

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Wei-Shou Hu

acre@cems.umn.edu

Affiliation Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WH TG KJ. Performed the experiments: KJ RP YK. Analyzed the data: TG KJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WH KJ RP YK MY DS. Wrote the paper: WH KJ.