About the Authors
- Marianne A. B. van der Sande
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Marianne.van.der.sande@rivm.nl
Current address: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands,
Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Pauline A. Waight
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Current address: Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom
Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Maimuna Mendy
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Affiliations Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia, Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Syed Zaman
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Steve Kaye
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Current address: Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Omar Sam
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Affiliation Department of State for Health, Banjul, The Gambia
- Abi Kahn
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Affiliation Department of State for Health, Banjul, The Gambia
- David Jeffries
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Aveika A. Akum
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Andrew J. Hall
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Affiliation London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Ebrima Bah
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Affiliation Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Samuel J. McConkey
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
- Pierre Hainaut
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Affiliation Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Hilton C. Whittle
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: PH DJ Mv SM HW AH OS. Performed the experiments: Mv PW MM SK. Analyzed the data: DJ Mv HW PW MM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DJ SM SZ PW MM AA EB SK AK. Wrote the paper: PH Mv HW AH. Other: Designed the study: Mv. Enrolled patients: Mv. Wrote the first draft of the paper: Mv. Contributed to the writing of the paper: Mv.