About the Authors

Kyeongah Nah

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Felicia Maria G. Magpantay

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Ákos Bede-Fazekas

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary, GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary

Gergely Röst

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

Attila János Trájer

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Limnology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary, Institute of Environmental Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary

Xiaotian Wu

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation College of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

Xue Zhang

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China

Jianhong Wu

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft

wujh@mathstat.yorku.ca

Affiliation Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

This research is part of the project entitled ‘`Estimating risk of tick-borne encephalitis with changes in climate, habitation and recreational activities" which received funding from GlaxoSmithKline SA (HO-17-18014 [K.N., X.Z., J.W.] https://www.gsk.com). GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA was provided the opportunity to review a preliminary version of this manuscript for factual accuracy but the authors are solely responsible for final content and interpretation. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.