About the Authors

Ping G. Tepper

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ping@pganalytics.com

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Jack Mardekian

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Outcomes & Evidence, Pfizer, Inc; New York, New York, United States of America

Cristina Masseria

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Outcomes & Evidence, Pfizer, Inc; New York, New York, United States of America

Hemant Phatak

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb; Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

Shital Kamble

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb; Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

Younos Abdulsattar

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Outcomes & Evidence, Pfizer, Inc; New York, New York, United States of America

William Petkun

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Global Medical Affairs, Bristol-Myers Squibb; Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

Gregory Y. H. Lip

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

This study was funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer. At the time of this study, I was an employee of University of Pittsburgh and received a research grant in connection with conducting this study. J. Mardekian, C. Masseria, and Y. Abdulsatta are employees of Pfizer Inc. with ownership of stocks in Pfizer Inc. S Kamble is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb Company with ownership of stocks in Bristol Myers Squibb Company. H. Phatak and W. Petkun are former employees of Bristol Myers Squibb Company with ownership of stocks in Bristol Myers Squibb Company. Professor Lip has served as a consultant for Bayer/Janssen, Merck, Sanofi, Bristol Myers Squibb Company/Pfizer Inc., Daiichi-Sankyo, Biotronik, Medtronic, Portola, and Boehringer Ingelheim, and has been on the speakers’ bureau for Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb Company/Pfizer Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, and Medtronic. Apixaban was developed in a joint venture by Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squib. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.