About the Authors

Ruth E. Zambrana

Affiliation Department of Women’s Studies, Consortium on Race, Gender and Ethnicity, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Lenny López

Lenny.lopez@ucsf.edu

Affiliation Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Gniesha Y. Dinwiddie

Affiliation African American Studies Department, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Roberta M. Ray

Affiliation Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Charles B. Eaton

Affiliation Family Medicine & Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America

Lawrence S. Phillips

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared the following interests: Dr. Phillips: Advisory Panel, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Employee, Veterans Administration; Research Support, Novo Nordisk, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, PhaseBio, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sanofi, Merck, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; Other Relationship (expert witness), Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RZ LL GD. Performed the experiments: RR. Analyzed the data: RZ LL RR. Wrote the paper: RZ LL RR GD LP CE SWS.