About the Authors

Cecilia Garofalo

Affiliation CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Mariantonietta Capristo

Affiliation CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Maria Cristina Manara

Affiliation CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Caterina Mancarella

Affiliation CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Lorena Landuzzi

Affiliation Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Antonino Belfiore

Affiliation Department of Health, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy

Pier-Luigi Lollini

Affiliation Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Piero Picci

Affiliation Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Katia Scotlandi

katia.scotlandi@ior.it

Affiliation CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Competing Interests

The anti-IGF-IR drugs used in this study were kindly provided by: Immunogen (AVE1642 HAb; Waltham, AM), Pfizer (CP-751,871/Figitumumab; San Diego, California), and Novartis (NVP-AEW541 and NVP-BEZ235; Basel, Switzerland). An ifosfamide analog not requiring metabolic activation used in this study was kindly provided by Baxter Oncology GmbH (Frankfurt, Germany), and Actinomycin-D was provided by Ovation Healthcare International (Dublin, Ireland). There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CG KS. Performed the experiments: CG MC MCM CM LL. Analyzed the data: CG MC MCM CM LL AB KS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KS PP PLL AB. Wrote the paper: CG KS.