About the Authors

Sylvie Linsuke

Contributed equally to this work with: Sylvie Linsuke, Sabin Nundu

sylvie_lin2003@yahoo.fr

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Department of Epidemiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Sabin Nundu

Contributed equally to this work with: Sylvie Linsuke, Sabin Nundu

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Department of Epidemiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Sylvain Mupoyi

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Programme National de Lutte contre la Bilharziose et Parasitoses Intestinales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Rodin Mukele

Affiliation Department of Tropical Medicine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Faustin Mukunda

Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la Bilharziose et Parasitoses Intestinales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Madeleine Mbuyi Kabongo

Affiliation School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Georgia, Atlanta, United States of America

Raquel Inocêncio da Luz

Affiliation Epidemiology and Scocial Medicine – International Health Unit, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden

Affiliation Epidemiology and Scocial Medicine – International Health Unit, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Marc Van Sprundel

Affiliation Epidemiology and Scocial Medicine – International Health Unit, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Marleen Boelaert

Affiliation Department of Public Health, Unit of Epidemiology and Control of Tropical Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Katja Polman

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Medical Helminthology, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Pascal Lutumba

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Department of Epidemiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SL SN PL. Performed the experiments: SL SN SM RM. Analyzed the data: SL SN RIdL PL JPVG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MVS MB PL. Wrote the paper: SL SN RIdL MMK FM KP JPVG MB PL.