About the Authors

Brecht Devleesschauwer

Brecht.Devleesschauwer@UGent.be

Affiliations Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium, Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Faculty of Public Health, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

Anita Ale

Affiliation National Zoonoses and Food Hygiene Research Center, Kathmandu, Nepal

Paul Torgerson

Affiliation Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Nicolas Praet

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Charline Maertens de Noordhout

Affiliation Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Faculty of Public Health, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

Basu Dev Pandey

Affiliation Everest International Clinic and Research Center, Kathmandu, Nepal

Sher Bahadur Pun

Affiliation Clinical Research Unit, Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal

Rob Lake

Affiliation Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Christchurch, New Zealand

Jozef Vercruysse

Affiliation Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium

Durga Datt Joshi

† Deceased.

Affiliation National Zoonoses and Food Hygiene Research Center, Kathmandu, Nepal

Arie H. Havelaar

Affiliations Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Luc Duchateau

Affiliation Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium

Pierre Dorny

Affiliations Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Niko Speybroeck

Affiliation Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Faculty of Public Health, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BD LD PD NS. Performed the experiments: BD AA BDP SBP DDJ. Analyzed the data: BD PT NP CMdN RL JV AHH LD PD NS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: BD AA PT NP CMdN BDP SBP RL JV DDJ AHH LD PD NS. Wrote the paper: BD AA PT NP CMdN BDP SBP RL JV DDJ AHH LD PD NS.