About the Authors

Philippe Solano

solano@ird.bf

Affiliation CIRDES/IRD UMR 177 IRD-CIRAD, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Sophie Ravel

Affiliation IRD, UMR 177 IRD-CIRAD, LRCT Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France

Jeremy Bouyer

Affiliation CIRDES/CIRAD UMR 15 CIRAD-INRA, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Mamadou Camara

Affiliation PNLTHA, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, Guinea

Moise S. Kagbadouno

Affiliation PNLTHA, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, Guinea

Naomi Dyer

Affiliation Vector Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Laetitia Gardes

Affiliation IRD, UMR 177 IRD-CIRAD, LRCT Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France

Damien Herault

Affiliation IRD, UMR 177 IRD-CIRAD, LRCT Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France

Martin J. Donnelly

Affiliation Vector Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Thierry De Meeûs

Affiliations IRD, UMR 177 IRD-CIRAD, LRCT Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France, GEMI, UMR 2724 IRD/CNRS, Montpellier, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PS JB ND MJD TDM. Performed the experiments: SR MC MSK ND LG DH. Analyzed the data: PS MC MSK LG DH MJD TDM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SR JB MC MSK LG DH. Wrote the paper: PS SR JB ND MJD TDM.