About the Authors

Supawadee Piratae

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Smarn Tesana

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Malcolm K. Jones

Affiliation School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia

Paul J. Brindley

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America

Alex Loukas

Affiliation Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia

Erica Lovas

Affiliation School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia

Veerachai Eursitthichai

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand

Banchob Sripa

Affiliations Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Sirikanda Thanasuwan

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Thewarach Laha

thewa_la@kku.ac.th

Affiliations Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SP PJB AL TL. Performed the experiments: SP TL EL S. Thanasuwan. Analyzed the data: S. Tesana VE MKJ TL SP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TL BS MKJ. Wrote the paper: SP PJB AL MKJ TL.