December 2019

Rigorous testing in randomized controlled trials and other research designs yields evidence that medical and health interventions can be beneficial. However, it is well known that achieving commensurate real-world benefits may be more challenging, whether in an individual patient with comorbidities, for instance, or in a country setting where unpredictable secular factors may impact on the effectiveness of health interventions.

In this month's Editorial, Elvin Geng and co-authors discuss the role of adaptation in implementing effective therapies for prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, aiming to understand and meet patient preferences and to overcome barriers to delivering care in specific contexts.

Image Credit: jarmoluk, Pixabay

Editorial

Personalized public health: An implementation research agenda for the HIV response and beyond

Elvin H. Geng, Charles B. Holmes, Mosa Moshabela, Izukanji Sikazwe, Maya L. Petersen

PLOS Medicine: published December 31, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003020

Collection Review

The importance of adherence in tuberculosis treatment clinical trials and its relevance in explanatory and pragmatic trials

Andrew Vernon, Katherine Fielding, Rada Savic, Lori Dodd, Payam Nahid

PLOS Medicine: published December 10, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002884

Research Articles

Maternal prescribed opioid analgesic use during pregnancy and associations with adverse birth outcomes: A population-based study

Ayesha C. Sujan, Patrick D. Quinn, Martin E. Rickert, Kelsey K. Wiggs, Paul Lichtenstein, Henrik Larsson, Catarina Almqvist, A. Sara Öberg, Brian M. D’Onofrio

PLOS Medicine: published December 2, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002980

Pubertal timing and adult fracture risk in men: A population-based cohort study

Liesbeth Vandenput, Jenny M. Kindblom, Maria Bygdell, Maria Nethander, Claes Ohlsson

PLOS Medicine: published December 2, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002986

Antenatal magnesium sulphate and adverse neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Emily Shepherd, Rehana A. Salam, Deepak Manhas, Anne Synnes, Philippa Middleton, Maria Makrides, Caroline A. Crowther

PLOS Medicine: published December 6, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002988

Elective and nonelective cesarean section and obesity among young adult male offspring: A Swedish population–based cohort study

Viktor H. Ahlqvist, Margareta Persson, Cecilia Magnusson, Daniel Berglind

PLOS Medicine: published December 6, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002996

Executive task-based brain function in children with type 1 diabetes: An observational study

Lara C. Foland-Ross, Bruce Buckingam, Nelly Mauras, Ana Maria Arbelaez, William V. Tamborlane, Eva Tsalikian, Allison Cato, Gabby Tong, Kimberly Englert, Paul K. Mazaika, Allan L. Reiss, for the Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet)

PLOS Medicine: published December 9, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002979

Acute kidney injury and adverse renal events in patients receiving SGLT2-inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jan Menne, Eva Dumann, Hermann Haller, Bernhard M. W. Schmidt

PLOS Medicine: published December 9, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002983

Homogeneity in the association of body mass index with type 2 diabetes across the UK Biobank: A Mendelian randomization study

Michael Wainberg, Anubha Mahajan, Anshul Kundaje, Mark I. McCarthy, Erik Ingelsson, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Manuel A. Rivas

PLOS Medicine: published December 10, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002982

Incidence of maternal peripartum infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Susannah L. Woodd, Ana Montoya, Maria Barreix, Li Pi, Clara Calvert, Andrea M. Rehman, Doris Chou, Oona M. R. Campbell

PLOS Medicine: published December 10, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002984

The projected impact of geographic targeting of oral cholera vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: A modeling study

Elizabeth C. Lee, Andrew S. Azman, Joshua Kaminsky, Sean M. Moore, Heather S. McKay, Justin Lessler

PLOS Medicine: published December 11, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003003

Performance of the Access Bio/CareStart rapid diagnostic test for the detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Benedikt Ley, Ari Winasti Satyagraha, Hisni Rahmat, Michael E. von Fricken, Nicholas M. Douglas, Daniel A. Pfeffer, Fe Espino, Lorenz von Seidlein, Gisela Henriques, Nwe Nwe Oo, Didier Menard, Sunil Parikh, Germana Bancone, Amalia Karahalios, Ric N. Price

PLOS Medicine: published December 13, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002992

Social determinants of health in relation to firearm-related homicides in the United States: A nationwide multilevel cross-sectional study

Daniel Kim

PLOS Medicine: published December 17, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002978

Cardiometabolic disease costs associated with suboptimal diet in the United States: A cost analysis based on a microsimulation model

Thiago Veiga Jardim, Dariush Mozaffarian, Shafika Abrahams-Gessel, Stephen Sy, Yujin Lee, Junxiu Liu, Yue Huang, Colin Rehm, Parke Wilde, Renata Micha, Thomas A. Gaziano

PLOS Medicine: published December 17, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002981

Mental disorders and intimate partner violence perpetrated by men towards women: A Swedish population-based longitudinal study

Rongqin Yu, Alejo J. Nevado-Holgado, Yasmina Molero, Brian M. D’Onofrio, Henrik Larsson, Louise M. Howard, Seena Fazel

PLOS Medicine: published December 17, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002995

Estimating the global impact of poor quality of care on maternal and neonatal outcomes in 81 low- and middle-income countries: A modeling study

Victoria B. Chou, Neff Walker, Mufaro Kanyangarara

PLOS Medicine: published December 18, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002990

Polygenic risk-tailored screening for prostate cancer: A benefit–harm and cost-effectiveness modelling study

Tom Callender, Mark Emberton, Steve Morris, Ros Eeles, Zsofia Kote-Jarai, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Nora Pashayan

PLOS Medicine: published December 20, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002998

Association of body mass index and cardiotoxicity related to anthracyclines and trastuzumab in early breast cancer: French CANTO cohort study

Elisé G. Kaboré, Charles Guenancia, Ines Vaz-Luis, Antonio Di Meglio, Barbara Pistilli, Charles Coutant, Paul Cottu, Anne Lesur, Thierry Petit, Florence Dalenc, Philippe Rouanet, Antoine Arnaud, Olivier Arsene, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Johanna Wassermann, Geneviève Boileau-Jolimoy, Anne-Laure Martin, Jérôme Lemonnier, Fabrice André, Patrick Arveux

PLOS Medicine: published December 23, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002989

The 2016 California policy to eliminate nonmedical vaccine exemptions and changes in vaccine coverage: An empirical policy analysis

Sindiso Nyathi, Hannah C. Karpel, Kristin L. Sainani, Yvonne Maldonado, Peter J. Hotez, Eran Bendavid, Nathan C. Lo

PLOS Medicine: published December 23, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002994

Intensification with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, insulin, or thiazolidinediones and risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases, and severe hypoglycemia in patients on metformin-sulfonylurea dual therapy: A retrospective cohort study

Carlos K. H. Wong, Kenneth K. C. Man, Margaret Shi, Esther W. Chan, Chu Wa Ho, Emily T. Y. Tse, Ian C. K. Wong, Cindy L. K. Lam

PLOS Medicine: published December 26, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002999

Nitroglycerin for treatment of retained placenta: A randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre, double-blind trial in the UK

Fiona C. Denison, Kathryn F. Carruthers, Jemma Hudson, Gladys McPherson, Gin Nie Chua, Mathilde Peace, Jane Brewin, Nina Hallowell, Graham Scotland, Julia Lawton, John Norrie, Jane E. Norman, GOT-IT investigator team

PLOS Medicine: published December 30, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003001

Association between gestational weight gain and severe adverse birth outcomes in Washington State, US: A population-based retrospective cohort study, 2004–2013

U. Vivian Ukah, Hamideh Bayrampour, Yasser Sabr, Neda Razaz, Wee-Shian Chan, Kenneth I. Lim, Sarka Lisonkova

PLOS Medicine: published December 30, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003009

Adherence to the 2017 French dietary guidelines and adult weight gain: A cohort study

Dan Chaltiel, Chantal Julia, Moufidath Adjibade, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot

PLOS Medicine: published December 30, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003007

Antirotavirus IgA seroconversion rates in children who receive concomitant oral poliovirus vaccine: A secondary, pooled analysis of Phase II and III trial data from 33 countries

Julia M. Baker, Jacqueline E. Tate, Juan Leon, Michael J. Haber, Benjamin A. Lopman

PLOS Medicine: published December 30, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003005

Ambient particulate matter pollution and adult hospital admissions for pneumonia in urban China: A national time series analysis for 2014 through 2017

Yaohua Tian, Hui Liu, Yiqun Wu, Yaqin Si, Man Li, Yao Wu, Xiaowen Wang, Mengying Wang, Libo Chen, Chen Wei, Tao Wu, Pei Gao, Yonghua Hu

PLOS Medicine: published December 31, 2019 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003010

Cover

Personalized public health: an implementation research agenda for the HIV response and beyond