Advertisement
Table of Contents

April 2018

Cover

Preprints in medical research: Progress and principles
Issue Image

This month in a PLOS Medicine Essay, Michael Johansson and colleagues analyze publications on Ebola and Zika to demonstrate how the sharing of preprints—scientific manuscripts that are posted in a publicly accessible, online repository before peer review for journal publication—can accelerate access to information in infectious disease outbreaks.

In an Editorial, the PLOS Medicine Editors raise the question of how, as preprint posting becomes more routine, the medical research community can best fulfill the Hippocratic imperative to do no harm while avoiding undue delays in information sharing that may result in harm.

The Editors propose a framework in which constituents including researchers, preprint service providers, journals and the news media participate in 3 fundamental practices: ensuring transparency in reporting, maintaining clarity about the role of a preprint versus a peer-reviewed journal article, and taking responsibility for safety.

Image Credit: Pxhere.com

Editorial

Preprints in medical research: Progress and principles

Larry Peiperl, on behalf of the PLOS Medicine Editors

PLOS Medicine: published April 16, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002563

Essay

Preprints: An underutilized mechanism to accelerate outbreak science

Michael A. Johansson, Nicholas G. Reich, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Marc Lipsitch

PLOS Medicine: published April 3, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002549

Perspectives

From surviving to thriving: What evidence is needed to move early child-development interventions to scale?

Mark Tomlinson

PLOS Medicine: published April 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002557

Related Articles

  1. Two-year impact of community-based health screening and parenting groups on child development in Zambia: Follow-up to a cluster-randomized controlled trial
  2. Impacts 2 years after a scalable early childhood development intervention to increase psychosocial stimulation in the home: A follow-up of a cluster randomised controlled trial in Colombia

Attacks on medical workers in Syria: Implications for conflict research

Michael Spagat

PLOS Medicine: published April 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002560

Related Articles

  1. Determining the scope of attacks on health in four governorates of Syria in 2016: Results of a field surveillance program

Research Articles

Genetic scores to stratify risk of developing multiple islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes: A prospective study in children

Ezio Bonifacio, Andreas Beyerlein, Markus Hippich, Christiane Winkler, Kendra Vehik, Michael N. Weedon, Michael Laimighofer, Andrew T. Hattersley, Jan Krumsiek, Brigitte I. Frohnert, Andrea K. Steck, William A. Hagopian, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Åke Lernmark, Marian J. Rewers, Jin-Xiong She, Jorma Toppari, Beena Akolkar, Richard A. Oram, Stephen S. Rich, Anette-G. Ziegler, for the TEDDY Study Group

PLOS Medicine: published April 3, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002548

Estimating the health and economic effects of the proposed US Food and Drug Administration voluntary sodium reformulation: Microsimulation cost-effectiveness analysis

Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard, Chris Kypridemos, Brendan Collins, Dariush Mozaffarian, Yue Huang, Piotr Bandosz, Simon Capewell, Laurie Whitsel, Parke Wilde, Martin O’Flaherty, Renata Micha

PLOS Medicine: published April 10, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002551

Universal versus conditional day 3 follow-up for children with non-severe unclassified fever at the community level in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A cluster-randomized, community-based non-inferiority trial

Luke C. Mullany, Elburg W. van Boetzelaer, Julie R. Gutman, Laura C. Steinhardt, Pascal Ngoy, Yolanda Barbera Lainez, Alison Wittcoff, Steven A. Harvey, Lara S. Ho

PLOS Medicine: published April 17, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002552

Related Articles

  1. Universal versus conditional day 3 follow-up for children with non-severe unclassified fever at the community level in Ethiopia: A cluster-randomised non-inferiority trial

Universal versus conditional day 3 follow-up for children with non-severe unclassified fever at the community level in Ethiopia: A cluster-randomised non-inferiority trial

Karin Källander, Tobias Alfvén, Tjede Funk, Ayalkibet Abebe, Abreham Hailemariam, Dawit Getachew, Max Petzold, Laura C. Steinhardt, Julie R. Gutman

PLOS Medicine: published April 17, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002553

Related Articles

  1. Universal versus conditional day 3 follow-up for children with non-severe unclassified fever at the community level in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A cluster-randomized, community-based non-inferiority trial

Breastfeeding during infancy and neurocognitive function in adolescence: 16-year follow-up of the PROBIT cluster-randomized trial

Seungmi Yang, Richard M. Martin, Emily Oken, Mikhail Hameza, Glen Doniger, Shimon Amit, Rita Patel, Jennifer Thompson, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Konstantin Vilchuck, Natalia Bogdanovich, Michael S. Kramer

PLOS Medicine: published April 20, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002554

Two-year impact of community-based health screening and parenting groups on child development in Zambia: Follow-up to a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Peter C. Rockers, Arianna Zanolini, Bowen Banda, Mwaba Moono Chipili, Robert C. Hughes, Davidson H. Hamer, Günther Fink

PLOS Medicine: published April 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002555

Related Articles

  1. From surviving to thriving: What evidence is needed to move early child-development interventions to scale?
  2. Impacts 2 years after a scalable early childhood development intervention to increase psychosocial stimulation in the home: A follow-up of a cluster randomised controlled trial in Colombia

Impacts 2 years after a scalable early childhood development intervention to increase psychosocial stimulation in the home: A follow-up of a cluster randomised controlled trial in Colombia

Alison Andrew, Orazio Attanasio, Emla Fitzsimons, Sally Grantham-McGregor, Costas Meghir, Marta Rubio-Codina

PLOS Medicine: published April 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002556

Related Articles

  1. Two-year impact of community-based health screening and parenting groups on child development in Zambia: Follow-up to a cluster-randomized controlled trial
  2. From surviving to thriving: What evidence is needed to move early child-development interventions to scale?

Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children

Kathleen Falster, Mark Hanly, Emily Banks, John Lynch, Georgina Chambers, Marni Brownell, Sandra Eades, Louisa Jorm

PLOS Medicine: published April 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558

Determining the scope of attacks on health in four governorates of Syria in 2016: Results of a field surveillance program

Rohini J. Haar, Casey B. Risko, Sonal Singh, Diana Rayes, Ahmad Albaik, Mohammed Alnajar, Mazen Kewara, Emily Clouse, Elise Baker, Leonard S. Rubenstein

PLOS Medicine: published April 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002559

Related Articles

  1. Attacks on medical workers in Syria: Implications for conflict research