Psychosocial Interventions for Perinatal Common Mental Disorders Delivered by Providers Who Are Not Mental Health Specialists in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Figure 4
Effects of psychological and health promotion interventions on continuous PCMD outcomes.
The pooled effect of three health promotion interventions delivered by non-mental health specialists was significant compared to usual care (ES −0.15; 95% CI −0.27, −0.02). Three psychological interventions were associated with a larger overall ES (−0.46; 95% CI −0.58, −0.33). CES-D, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; CIS-R, Clinical Interview Schedule–Revised; EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; K-10, Kessler 10-Item Scale; PHQ-9, nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire; SCID, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders; SRQ, Self Reporting Questionnaire; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.