Lethal Injection for Execution: Chemical Asphyxiation?

• Teresa A Zimmers,

  Affiliations Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America , Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America

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• Jonathan Sheldon,

  Affiliation Devine, Connell & Sheldon, P.L.C., Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America

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• David A Lubarsky,

  Affiliations Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine, and Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America , Department of Management, University of Miami School of Business, Miami, Florida, United States of America

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• Francisco López-Muñoz,

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain

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• Linda Waterman,

  Affiliation Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America

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• Richard Weisman,

  Affiliation Florida Poison Center–Miami, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America

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• Leonidas G Koniaris

  *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:LKoniaris@med.miami.edu

  Affiliations Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America , Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America

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