School Playground Surfacing and Arm Fractures in Children: A Cluster Randomized Trial Comparing Sand to Wood Chip Surfaces

• Andrew W. Howard ,

  * E-mail: andrew.howard@sickkids.ca

  Affiliations Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Colin Macarthur,

  Affiliation Bloorview Kids Rehab, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Linda Rothman,

  Affiliation Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Andrew Willan,

  Affiliation Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Alison K. Macpherson

  Affiliation Department of Kinesiology, York University, Toronto, Canada

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