About the Authors

Nav Persaud

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

nav.persaud@utoronto.ca

Affiliations Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Michael Bedard

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Family Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada

Andrew Boozary

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Richard H. Glazier

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Tara Gomes

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Stephen W. Hwang

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Peter Juni

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Michael R. Law

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Muhammad Mamdani

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research and Training at St Michael’s Hospital and Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Braden Manns

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, O’Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Danielle Martin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Women’s College Hospital Institute for Health Systems Solutions and Virtual Care, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Steven G. Morgan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Paul Oh

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Andrew D. Pinto

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Baiju R. Shah

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Frank Sullivan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Research and Innovation, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Division of Population and Behavioral Science, University of St Andrews, Scotland

Norman Umali

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Kevin E. Thorpe

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Karen Tu

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Research and Innovation, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Andreas Laupacis

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

for the Carefully seLected and Easily Accessible at No Charge Medications (CLEAN Meds) study team

Membership of Carefully seLected and Easily Accessible at No Charge Medications (CLEAN Meds) study team is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: PJ serves as unpaid member of steering group or executive committee of trials funded by Abbott Vascular, Astra Zeneca, Biotronik, Biosensors, St. Jude Medical, Terumo and The Medicines Company, has received research grants to the institution from Appili Therapeutics, Astra Zeneca, Biotronik, Biosensors International, Eli Lilly, The Medicines Company, and honoraria to the institution for participation in advisory boards and/or consulting from Amgen, Ava and Fresenius, but has not received personal payments by any pharmaceutical company or device manufacturer. MRL has consulted for Health Canada, the Hospital Employees’ Union, the Conference Board of Canada, and provided expert witness testimony for the Attorney General of Canada. MM has received honoraria for serving as a member of an Advisory Board for NovoNordisk.