About the Authors

Calvin Ke

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada

Thérèse A. Stukel

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Canada, ICES, Toronto, Canada

Baiju R. Shah

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Canada, ICES, Toronto, Canada, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada

Eric Lau

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Asia Diabetes Foundation, Metropole Square, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Ronald C. Ma

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Wing-Yee So

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Alice P. Kong

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Elaine Chow

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Juliana C. N. Chan

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

jchan@cuhk.edu.hk

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Asia Diabetes Foundation, Metropole Square, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Andrea Luk

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Asia Diabetes Foundation, Metropole Square, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: RCWM acknowledges receiving research support (outside of this work) from AstraZeneca, Bayer, and Pfizer for conducting clinical trials and honoraria or consultancy fees from AstraZeneca and Boehringer Ingelheim, all of which has been donated to the Chinese University of Hong Kong to support diabetes research. RCWM is a member of the Editorial Board of PLOS Medicine. AOYL acknowledges receiving research support (outside of this work) from Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Sanofi, and Amgen and travel grants from travel grant from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. JCNC and RCWM are cofounders of GemVCare, a diabetes genetic testing laboratory, which was established through support from the Technology Start-up Support Scheme for Universities (TSSSU) from the Hong Kong Government Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC). JCNC is the Chief Executive Officer, on a pro bono basis, of the Asia Diabetes Foundation (ADF), which is a nonprofit research organization which designed and implemented the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Technology as an extension to the HKDR, under the governance of the CUHK Foundation. The HKDR was established as a research-driven quality improvement program initiated by the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)-Prince of Wales Hospital Diabetes Care and Research Team, supported by the Hong Kong Foundation for Research and Development in Diabetes established at CUHK. In 2007, this was merged with the web-based JADE Technology, complete with care protocols, risk stratification, personalized reporting, and decision support. The JADE Technology was designed and implemented by the ADF to enable other clinics and hospitals to establish diabetes registers and contribute anonymized data for research purposes. The ADF was set up as a charitable research organization governed by the CUHK Foundation.