About the Authors

Sam S. Oh

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Joshua Galanter

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Neeta Thakur

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Maria Pino-Yanes

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain

Nicolas E. Barcelo

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Marquitta J. White

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Danielle M. de Bruin

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Ruth M. Greenblatt

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Departments of Clinical Pharmacy, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Alan H. B. Wu

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Luisa N. Borrell

Affiliation School of Health Sciences, Human Services and Nursing, Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, United States of America

Chris Gunter

Affiliations Marcus Autism Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Neil R. Powe

Contributed equally to this work with: Neil R. Powe, Esteban G. Burchard

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Esteban G. Burchard

Contributed equally to this work with: Neil R. Powe, Esteban G. Burchard

esteban.burchard@ucsf.edu

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: EGB serves as an advisor to the National Academy of Sciences to advise them and the US Congress on gene-environment interactions. EGB also serves on the Expert Panel for President Obama’s Precision Medicine Initiative. EGB, SSO, JG, NT, MPY, NEB, MJW, DMdB, KBD, AHBW, LNB, RMG, CG, and NRP are involved in health disparities research funded by NIH.

Author Contributions

Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: EGB SSO JG NT MPY NEB DMdB KBD AHBW LNB RMG CG NRP. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: EGB SSO JG NT MPY NEB MJW DMdB KBD AHBW LNB RMG CG NRP. Agree with the manuscript’s results and conclusions: EGB SSO JG NT MPY NEB MJW DMdB KBD AHBW LNB RMG CG NRP. All authors have read, and confirm that they meet, ICMJE criteria for authorship.