About the Authors

Raquel Granell

raquel.granell@bristol.ac.uk

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

A. John Henderson

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

David M. Evans

Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia

George Davey Smith

Affiliation MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Andrew R. Ness

Affiliations UK National Institute for Health Research Bristol Nutrition Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Sarah Lewis

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Tom M. Palmer

Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom

Jonathan A. C. Sterne

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

GS is a member of the Editorial Board of PLOS Medicine.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AJH JACS DME GDS TMP. Analyzed the data: RG. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: AJH JACS RG. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: DME GDS ARN SL TMP. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: RG AJH DME GDS ARN SL TMP JACS. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: RG AJH DME GDS ARN SL TMP JACS.