About the Authors

Shama D. Ahuja

Affiliation Bureau of Tuberculosis, New York, New York, United States of America

David Ashkin

Affiliation A.G. Holley Hospital, Lantana, Florida, United States of America

Monika Avendano

Affiliation University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Rita Banerjee

Affiliation Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Melissa Bauer

Affiliation Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Jamie N. Bayona

Affiliation The Dartmouth Center for Health Care Delivery Science, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

Mercedes C. Becerra

Affiliations Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Partners in Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Andrea Benedetti

Affiliation Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Marcos Burgos

Affiliation University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America

Rosella Centis

Affiliation WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases, Care and Research Institute, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Tradate, Italy

Eward D. Chan

Affiliation Denver Veterans Affair Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States of America

Chen-Yuan Chiang

Affiliation Wan Fang Hospital, School of Medicine-Taipei Medical University, Taiwan

Helen Cox

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières, Capetown, South Africa

Lia D'Ambrosio

Affiliation WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases, Care and Research Institute, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Tradate, Italy

Kathy DeRiemer

Affiliation UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, United States of America

Nguyen Huy Dung

Affiliation National TB Control Program, Hanoi, Vietnam

Donald Enarson

Affiliation International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France

Dennis Falzon

Affiliation World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Katherine Flanagan

Affiliation MRC Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia

Jennifer Flood

Affiliation California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California, United States of America

Maria L. Garcia-Garcia

Affiliation Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico, Mexico

Neel Gandhi

Affiliation Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America

Reuben M. Granich

Affiliation World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Maria G. Hollm-Delgado

Affiliation Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Timothy H. Holtz

Affiliation Thailand MOPH & US CDC Collaboration, Bangkok, Thailand

Michael D. Iseman

Affiliation National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America

Leah G. Jarlsberg

Affiliation University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America

Salmaan Keshavjee

Affiliation Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Hye-Ryoun Kim

Affiliation Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea

Won-Jung Koh

Affiliation Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

Joey Lancaster

Affiliation South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa

Christophe Lange

Affiliation Medical Clinic, Tuberculosis Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany

Wiel C. M. de Lange

Affiliation University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Vaira Leimane

Affiliation Clinic of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Riga, Latvia

Chi Chiu Leung

Affiliation Tuberculosis and Chest Services, Hong Kong

Jiehui Li

Affiliation New York City Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, United States of America

Dick Menzies

Dick.Menzies@McGill.ca

Affiliation Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Giovanni B. Migliori

Affiliation WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases, Care and Research Institute, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Tradate, Italy

Sergey P. Mishustin

Affiliation Tomsk Oblast Tuberculosis Dispensary, Tomsk, Russia

Carole D. Mitnick

Affiliation Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Masa Narita

Affiliation University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Philly O'Riordan

Affiliation City Road Medical Centre, London, United Kingdom

Madhukar Pai

Affiliation Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Domingo Palmero

Affiliation Hospital F.J. Muñiz, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Seung-kyu Park

Affiliation TB Center, Seoul, Korea

Geoffrey Pasvol

Affiliation Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Jose Peña

Affiliation Universidad Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Carlos Pérez-Guzmán

Affiliation Instituto de Salud del Estado de Aguascalientes, Mexico, Mexico

Maria I. D. Quelapio

Affiliation Tropical Disease Foundation, Makati City, Philippines

Alfredo Ponce-de-Leon

Affiliation Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y de Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico, Mexico

Vija Riekstina

Affiliation Clinic of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Riga, Latvia

Jerome Robert

Affiliation Bactériologie-Hygiène – UPMC, Paris, France

Sarah Royce

Affiliation University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America

H. Simon Schaaf

Affiliation Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

Kwonjune J. Seung

Affiliation Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Lena Shah

Affiliation Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Tae Sun Shim

Affiliation University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Sonya S. Shin

Affiliation Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Yuji Shiraishi

Affiliation Fukujuji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

José Sifuentes-Osornio

Affiliation Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y de Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico, Mexico

Giovanni Sotgiu

Affiliation University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy

Matthew J. Strand

Affiliation National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America

Payam Tabarsi

Affiliation Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran

Thelma E. Tupasi

Affiliation Tropical Disease Foundation, Makati City, Philippines

Robert van Altena

Affiliation University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Martie Van der Walt

Affiliation South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa

Tjip S. Van der Werf

Affiliation University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Mario H. Vargas

Affiliation Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico, Mexico

Pirett Viiklepp

Affiliation National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia

Janice Westenhouse

Affiliation Center for Infectious Diseases-California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California, United States of America

Wing Wai Yew

Affiliation Grantham Hospital, Hong Kong

Jae-Joon Yim

All members of the Collaborative Group for Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDR-TB are the authors and are listed in the manuscript byline.

Affiliation Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Competing Interests

JR is a Consultant for bioMérieux. WWY has been indirectly sponsored to participate in International Conferences by GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer in the last 3 years. CDM is on the Scientific Advisory Board for Otsuka pharmaceuticals development of OPC67683 (Delaminid), a new anti-TB compound. SK received salary support from the Eli Lilly Foundation as part of funding for the activities of Partners In Health by the Foundation's MDR-TB Partnership. This funder was not involved in the study design; collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing of the paper; and/or decision to submit for publication. The Partners In Health project in Tomsk received funding from Mr. Tom White, the Open Society Institute, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. None of these funders were involved in the study design; collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing of the paper; and/or decision to submit for publication. KD is an unpaid, volunteer member of the New Diagnostics Working Group (NDWG), formed of members of the Stop TB Partnership. The Secretariat of the NDWG is hosted by FIND (Foundation for New Innovative Diagnostics). JB was working as consultant for Otsuka Pharmaceutical for the implementation of clinical trial in Peru. JB was co PI of a NIH grant in Peru, Epidemiology of Tuberculosis. MP and GP are members of the Editorial Board of PLOS Medicine. All other authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Performed the experiments. Analyzed the data: SDA DA MA RB MBa JB MCB AB MBu RC EDC CYC HC LD KD NHD DE DF KF JF MLGG NRG RG MGHD THH MDI LGJ SK HRK WJK JLL CL WCMD VL CCL JL DM GBM SM CDM MN PO MP DP SKP GP JMP CPG MIDQ AP VR JR SR HSS KJS LS TSS SSS YS JSO GS MS PT TEP RVA MLV TSV MHV PV JW WWY JJY. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SDA DA MA RB MBa JB MCB AB MBu RC EDC CYC HC LD KD NHD DE DF KF JF MLGG NRG RG MGHD THH MDI LGJ SK HRK WJK JLL CL WCMD VL CCL JL DM GBM SM CDM MN PO MP DP SKP GP JMP CPG MIDQ AP VR JR SR HSS KJS LS TSS SSS YS JSO GS MS PT TEP RVA MLV TSV MHV PV JW WWY JJY. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: DM. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: SDA DA MA RB MBa JB MCB AB MBu RC EDC CYC HC LD KD NHD DE DF KF JF MLGG NRG RG MGHD THH MDI LGJ SK HRK WJK JLL CL WCMD VL CCL JL DM GBM SM CDM MN PO MP DP SKP GP JMP CPG MIDQ AP VR JR SR HSS KJS LS TSS SSS YS JSO GS MS PT TEP RVA MLV TSV MHV PV JW WWY JJY. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: SDA DA MA RB MBa JB MCB AB MBu RC EDC CYC HC LD KD NHD DE DF KF JF MLGG NRG RG MGHD THH MDI LGJ SK HRK WJK JLL CL WCMD VL CCL JL DM GBM SM CDM MN PO MP DP SKP GP JMP CPG MIDQ AP VR JR SR HSS KJS LS TSS SSS YS JSO GS MS PT TEP RVA MLV TSV MHV PV JW WWY JJY. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: SDA DA MA RB MBa JB MCB AB MBu RC EDC CYC HC LD KD NHD DE DF KF JF MLGG NRG RG MGHD THH MDI LGJ SK HRK WJK JLL CL WCMD VL CCL JL DM GBM SM CDM MN PO MP DP SKP GP JMP CPG MIDQ AP VR JR SR HSS KJS LS TSS SSS YS JSO GS MS PT TEP RVA MLV TSV MHV PV JW WWY JJY.