About the Authors

James V. Lavery

jim.lavery@utoronto.ca (JVL); buchanan@schoolph.umass.edu (DB)

Affiliations Centre for Research on Inner City Health and Centre for Global Health Research, The Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Peter A. Singer

Affiliation McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Renee Ridzon

Affiliation HIV, TB & Reproductive Health Program, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Jerome A. Singh

Affiliations Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Arthur S. Slutsky

Affiliations Departments of Medicine and Critical Care, and The Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge2 Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Joseph J. Anisko

Affiliation Independent Consultant, West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States of America

David Buchanan

jim.lavery@utoronto.ca (JVL); buchanan@schoolph.umass.edu (DB)

Affiliation School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

Renee Ridzon is a senior scientific program officer with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Jocalyn Clark provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript in her capacity as a colleague at the University of Toronto. She was not involved in the editorial decision-making process for this paper at PLoS Medicine.

Author Contributions

ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: JVL PAS RR JAS ASS JJA DB. Contributed to the writing of the paper: JVL PAS RR JAS ASS JJA DB.