About the Authors

Jodie A Trafton

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Jodie.Trafton@va.gov

Affiliation Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Menlo Park, California, United States of America

Jared Minkel

Affiliations Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Menlo Park, California, United States of America , Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Keith Humphreys

Affiliation Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Menlo Park, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

JAT conceived and designed the analysis described, managed data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation, and drafted the manuscript. JM conducted data acquisition and assisted with data analysis, presentation, and interpretation. KH conceived and designed the MOST study. JM and KH critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. JAT, JM, and KH approved the final version of the manuscript.