About the Authors

Alex Loukas

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: alex.loukas@qimr.edu.au (AL); E-mail: mtmpjh@gwumc.edu (PJH)

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Jeffrey M Bethony

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Susana Mendez

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Ricardo T Fujiwara

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Gaddam Narsa Goud

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Najju Ranjit

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Bin Zhan

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Karen Jones

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Maria Elena Bottazzi

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Peter J Hotez

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: alex.loukas@qimr.edu.au (AL); E-mail: mtmpjh@gwumc.edu (PJH)

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

AL, JMB, MEB, and PJH designed the study. AL, RTF, GNG, NR, BZ, performed experiments. AL, PJH, JMB, SM, and KJ analyzed the data. AL, PJH, JMB, and SM contributed to writing the paper.