Thalamic deep brain stimulation paradigm to reduce consciousness: Cortico-striatal dynamics implicated in mechanisms of consciousness
Fig 7
Thalamic DBS modulates VPC occurrence over acute and longer time frames.
A, Relative proportion (± SD of the null distribution) of VPC events occurring around the onset (O, within 2 secs of stimulation start), early (E, 2-10s), middle (10-40s), or late (40-60s) phase of the 60s stimulations. B, Probability of VPC (± SD of the null distribution) across different experimental conditions: no stimulation (NS) and stimulations at 10, 50 and 200Hz. Dashed line indicates the average probability of VPC (the null hypothesis). C, D, Causal power by stimulation condition across experimental history (x axis starting when there are at least 10 blocks per condition to ensure robust causal power estimates) for (C) Monkey W and (D) Monkey R. E, Population CP (± SD of the null distribution) under the null hypothesis that CP is equal across conditions and no different from 0. F, Conditional probability (± SD of the null distribution) of VPC occurring with a particular stimulation frequency (10, 50 or 200Hz), given it was preceded by a different stimulation condition, under the null hypothesis that probability of VPC is consistent irrespective of preceding stimulations. G, Correlation (best fit line ± SE of the point estimate) of local VPC probability and stimulation predominance (% maximum, sliding window across 32 recording blocks). Individual data points shown for both animals (R and W) across stimulation and no-stimulation runs during transitional (first two days) and established (third day onwards) phases of an experimental series. H, Local VPC probability (± SE) for all data (All) in stimulation or no-stimulation runs, and further separated into established (Est) and transitional (Trs) phases.