About the Authors

Peter Ouma

Affiliation Centre for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya

Monica E Parise

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Mary J Hamel

Affiliation Kenya Field Station, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya

Feiko O. ter Kuile

Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Kephas Otieno

Affiliation Centre for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya

John G Ayisi

Affiliation Centre for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya

Piet A Kager

Affiliation Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Richard W Steketee

Affiliation Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, Batiment Avant Centre, Ferney-Voltaire, France

Laurence Slutsker

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Anna M van Eijk

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: amvaneijk@yahoo.com

Affiliation Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

MEP, FOtK, JGA, LS, and AMvE designed the study. PO, JGA, and AMvE analyzed the data. PO and AMvE enrolled patients. PO, MEP, MJH, FOtK, KO, JGA, PAK, RWS, LS, and AMvE wrote the paper. PO supervised field work and coordinated all field activities. MJH provided supervision to the study team in the field, backstopping and providing support to PO, who was primarily responsible for the team on the ground in Kenya, and provided input into the interpretation of data. KO carried out and supervised the laboratory procedures. RWS provided initial input into the design of the study along with the lead author and other authors and provided input on drafts of the manuscript as it was developed.