About the Authors

John P. A. Ioannidis

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

jioannid@stanford.edu

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Kevin W. Boyack

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation SciTech Strategies, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America

Thomas A. Collins

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Elsevier, New York, New York, United States of America

Jeroen Baas

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Research Intelligence, Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Competing Interests

METRICS has been funded by grants from the Laura and John Arnold Foundation (Arnold Ventures). TAC and JB are Elsevier employees and Elsevier runs Scopus which is the source of the data.