About the Authors

Kaushik Ghose

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kaushik.ghose@gmail.com

Affiliations Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Timothy K Horiuchi

Affiliations Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

P. S Krishnaprasad

Affiliations Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Cynthia F Moss

Affiliations Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America , Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

KG and CFM designed the experiments. TKH helped KG with apparatus design. KG performed the experiments. KG performed the analysis. KG, TKH, PSK, and CFM interpreted the results in context of existing studies. PSK introduced the other authors to Hayes theorem and the missile guidance literature. KG wrote the paper with guidance from TKH, PSK, and CFM.