About the Authors

Magnus Nordborg

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: magnus@usc.edu

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Tina T Hu

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Yoko Ishino

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Jinal Jhaveri

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Christopher Toomajian

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Honggang Zheng

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Erica Bakker

Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Peter Calabrese

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Jean Gladstone

Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Rana Goyal

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Mattias Jakobsson

Affiliation Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

Sung Kim

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Yuri Morozov

Affiliation Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Badri Padhukasahasram

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Vincent Plagnol

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Noah A Rosenberg

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Chitiksha Shah

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Jeffrey D Wall

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Jue Wang

Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Keyan Zhao

Affiliation Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Theodore Kalbfleisch

Affiliation Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Vincent Schulz

Affiliation Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Martin Kreitman

Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Joy Bergelson

Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

M. Nordborg, M. Kreitman, and J. Bergelson conceived and designed the experiments. T. T. Hu, Y. Ishino, J. Jhaveri, C. Toomajian, H. Zheng, E. Bakker, J. Gladstone, Y. Morozov, C. Shah, J. Wang, T. Kalbfleisch, and V. Schulz performed the experiments and contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. M. Nordborg, T. T. Hu, C. Toomajian, E. Bakker, P. Calabrese, M. Jakobsson, S. Kim, B. Padhukasahasram, V. Plagnol, N. A. Rosenberg, J. Wall, K. Zhao, M. Kalbfleisch, M. Kreitman, and J. Bergelson analyzed the data and wrote the paper.