About the Authors

Erik E Cordes

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: eec131@psu.edu

Affiliation Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Michael A Arthur

Affiliation Geosciences Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Katriona Shea

Affiliation Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Rolf S Arvidson

Affiliation Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Charles R Fisher

Affiliation Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

EEC, MAA, and CRF conceived and designed the experiments. EEC performed the experiments and analyzed the data. KS and RSA contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. EEC, MAA, KS, and CRF wrote the paper.