About the Authors

Michael P Robertson

Affiliations The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

Haller Igel

Affiliations The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

Robert Baertsch

Affiliations The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

David Haussler

Affiliations The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

Manuel Ares Jr

Affiliations The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

William G Scott

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: wgscott@chemistry.ucsc.edu

Affiliations The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

The experiments were conceived, designed, and interpreted in a cooperative effort among all of the authors. MPR and WGS determined the crystal structure and investigated possible structural homologies. HI and MA designed the transcription templates for the SARS s2m RNA and performed the biochemical analyses. RB and DH performed the viral and cellular genomic sequence analyses and called our attention to the striking conservation and biological importance of the SARS s2m RNA.