About the Authors

Inês Barroso

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ib1@sanger.ac.uk (IB), Email: njw1004@medschl.cam.ac.uk (NW), Email: aschafer@ntlworld.com (AS), Email: sorahill@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (SO)

¤ Current address: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Affiliation Incyte, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Jian'an Luan

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Rita P. S Middelberg

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Anne-Helen Harding

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Paul W Franks

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Rupert W Jakes

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom

David Clayton

Affiliation Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Alan J Schafer

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ib1@sanger.ac.uk (IB), Email: njw1004@medschl.cam.ac.uk (NW), Email: aschafer@ntlworld.com (AS), Email: sorahill@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (SO)

Affiliation Incyte, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Stephen O'Rahilly

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ib1@sanger.ac.uk (IB), Email: njw1004@medschl.cam.ac.uk (NW), Email: aschafer@ntlworld.com (AS), Email: sorahill@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (SO)

Affiliation Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nicholas J Wareham

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ib1@sanger.ac.uk (IB), Email: njw1004@medschl.cam.ac.uk (NW), Email: aschafer@ntlworld.com (AS), Email: sorahill@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (SO)

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

Portions of the research were supported by Incyte Corporation (formerly Incyte Genomics). This collaboration provided access to certain technologies and scientific expertise for basic research in the genetics of diabetes in return for possible shared intellectual property. The work described here is not subject to any patent filings or intellectual property protection and restrictions from free use of the information. IB and AJS were employees of Incyte at the time the research took place.

Author Contributions

IB, AJS, SO, and NW conceived and designed the experiments. IB, AJS, and NW performed the experiments or the fieldwork in the studies contributing data. IB, JL, RPSM, A-HH, PWF, RWJ, and NW analysed the data. DC contributed analysis tools and advice. All authors wrote the paper.