The illicit cigarette market in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): Findings from a cross-sectional study of empty cigarette packs

• Noreen Dadirai Mdege ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: noreen.mdege@york.ac.uk

  Affiliations Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of York, York, United Kingdom, Centre for Research in Health and Development, York, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-3473

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• Christelle Tchoupé,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Laboratory for Survey & Research for Development, Douala-Bonanjo, Cameroon, Research Initiatives for Social Development, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

  https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6524-5115

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• Retselisitsoe Pokothoane,

  Roles Formal analysis, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Development Gateway: An IREX Venture, Washington District of Columbia, United States of America, Research Unit on the Economics of Excisable Products (REEP), School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-8394

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• Didier Munguakonkwa Mirindi,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Research Initiatives for Social Development, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

  https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5761-4069

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• Christus Cito Miderho,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Département d’Agro-Vétérinaire, Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bukavu (ISP/Bukavu), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1374

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• Kelley Sams,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization

  Affiliations Development Gateway: An IREX Venture, Washington District of Columbia, United States of America,

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-4818

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• Patrick Bakengela Shamba,

  Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Development Gateway: An IREX Venture, Washington District of Columbia, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-4161

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• Emmanuel Kandate,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Research Initiatives for Social Development, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

  https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9410-1800

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• Patrice Milambo,

  Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte Contre la Toxicomanie et les Substance Toxiques, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Hygiène et Prévoyance Sociale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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• Hana Ross

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-1915

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