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Open Access
Peer-reviewed
Research Article
Large language models approach expert-level clinical knowledge and reasoning in ophthalmology: A head-to-head cross-sectional study
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Arun James Thirunavukarasu ,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
* E-mail: ajt205@cantab.ac.uk (AJT); ting.darren@gmail.com (DSJT)
Affiliations University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Oxford University Clinical Academic Graduate School, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Shathar Mahmood,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Andrew Malem,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates
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William Paul Foster,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Rohan Sanghera,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Refaat Hassan,
Roles Data curation, Investigation
Affiliation University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Sean Zhou,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation West Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Bury St Edmunds, United Kingdom
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Shiao Wei Wong,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Yee Ling Wong,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Yu Jeat Chong,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Abdullah Shakeel,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Yin-Hsi Chang,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Nikhil Jain,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Luton and Dunstable, United Kingdom
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Ting Fang Tan,
Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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Saaeha Rauz,
Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Daniel Shu Wei Ting,
Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration
Affiliations Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
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Darren Shu Jeng Ting
Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
* E-mail: ajt205@cantab.ac.uk (AJT); ting.darren@gmail.com (DSJT)
Affiliations Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Academic Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Large language models approach expert-level clinical knowledge and reasoning in ophthalmology: A head-to-head cross-sectional study
- Arun James Thirunavukarasu,
- Shathar Mahmood,
- Andrew Malem,
- William Paul Foster,
- Rohan Sanghera,
- Refaat Hassan,
- Sean Zhou,
- Shiao Wei Wong,
- Yee Ling Wong,
- Yu Jeat Chong
- Published: April 17, 2024
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000341