November 2015

Mixed primary cultures from BALB/c mice brain infected with HCoV-OC43 (rOC/SG758R). Viral spreading was evaluated at 24 hours post-infection. Neurons were stained for microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) (green) and the HCoV-OC43 S viral glycoprotein (red). Nuclei were stained in blue with DAPI. Magnification 200x. Talbot et al.

Image Credit: Talbot et al.

Opinion

Emergence of Pathogenicity in Lagoviruses: Evolution from Pre-existing Nonpathogenic Strains or through a Species Jump?

Pedro José Esteves, Joana Abrantes, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Patrizia Cavadini, Dolores Gavier-Widén, Jean-Sébastien Guitton, Antonio Lavazza, Evelyne Lemaitre, Jérôme Letty, Ana Margarida Lopes, Aleksija S. Neimanis, Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet, Jacques Le Pendu, Stéphane Marchandeau, Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé

PLOS Pathogens: published November 5, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005087

Pearls

Worse Comes to Worst: Bananas and Panama Disease—When Plant and Pathogen Clones Meet

Nadia Ordonez, Michael F. Seidl, Cees Waalwijk, André Drenth, Andrzej Kilian, Bart P. H. J. Thomma, Randy C. Ploetz, Gert H. J. Kema

PLOS Pathogens: published November 19, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005197

50 Years of Emmonsia Disease in Humans: The Dramatic Emergence of a Cluster of Novel Fungal Pathogens

Ilan S. Schwartz, Chris Kenyon, Peiying Feng, Nelesh P. Govender, Karolina Dukik, Lynne Sigler, Yanping Jiang, J. Benjamin Stielow, José F. Muñoz, Christina A. Cuomo, Alfred Botha, Alberto M. Stchigel, G. Sybren de Hoog

PLOS Pathogens: published November 19, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005198

Parasite Glycobiology: A Bittersweet Symphony

Joao A. Rodrigues, Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, Markus Aebi, Michael A. J. Ferguson, Françoise H. Routier, Irene Schiller, Simão Soares, Daniel Spencer, Alexander Titz, Iain B. H. Wilson, Luis Izquierdo

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005169

Leptospira and Bats: Story of an Emerging Friendship

Muriel Dietrich, Kristin Mühldorfer, Pablo Tortosa, Wanda Markotter

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005176

Five Questions about Mycoviruses

Moonil Son, Jisuk Yu, Kook-Hyung Kim

PLOS Pathogens: published November 5, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005172

Review

Ebolavirus Evolution: Past and Present

Marc-Antoine de La Vega, Derek Stein, Gary P Kobinger

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005221

Research Matters

On the Discovery of TOR As the Target of Rapamycin

Joseph Heitman

PLOS Pathogens: published November 5, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005245

Research Articles

Distinct Upstream Role of Type I IFN Signaling in Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Derived and Epithelial Resident Cells for Concerted Recruitment of Ly-6C^hi Monocytes and NK Cells via CCL2-CCL3 Cascade

Erdenebileg Uyangaa, Jin Hyoung Kim, Ajit Mahadev Patil, Jin Young Choi, Seong Bum Kim, Seong Kug Eo

PLOS Pathogens: published November 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005256

Increased Susceptibility of Humanized NSG Mice to Panton-Valentine Leukocidin and Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infection

Ching Wen Tseng, Juan Carlos Biancotti, Bethany L. Berg, David Gate, Stacey L. Kolar, Sabrina Müller, Maria D. Rodriguez, Kavon Rezai-Zadeh, Xuemo Fan, David O. Beenhouwer, Terrence Town, George Y. Liu

PLOS Pathogens: published November 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005292

The Transcription and Translation Landscapes during Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Reveal Novel Host-Pathogen Interactions

Osnat Tirosh, Yifat Cohen, Alina Shitrit, Odem Shani, Vu Thuy Khanh Le-Trilling, Mirko Trilling, Gilgi Friedlander, Marvin Tanenbaum, Noam Stern-Ginossar

PLOS Pathogens: published November 24, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005288

Activation of Type I and III Interferon Response by Mitochondrial and Peroxisomal MAVS and Inhibition by Hepatitis C Virus

Silke Bender, Antje Reuter, Florian Eberle, Evelyne Einhorn, Marco Binder, Ralf Bartenschlager

PLOS Pathogens: published November 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005264

Structural Insight into Archaic and Alternative Chaperone-Usher Pathways Reveals a Novel Mechanism of Pilus Biogenesis

Natalia Pakharukova, James A. Garnett, Minna Tuittila, Sari Paavilainen, Mamou Diallo, Yingqi Xu, Steve J. Matthews, Anton V. Zavialov

PLOS Pathogens: published November 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005269

Hsp70 Isoforms Are Essential for the Formation of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Replication and Transcription Compartments

Belinda Baquero-Pérez, Adrian Whitehouse

PLOS Pathogens: published November 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005274

Arenavirus Glycan Shield Promotes Neutralizing Antibody Evasion and Protracted Infection

Rami Sommerstein, Lukas Flatz, Melissa M. Remy, Pauline Malinge, Giovanni Magistrelli, Nicolas Fischer, Mehmet Sahin, Andreas Bergthaler, Sebastien Igonet, Jan ter Meulen, Dorothée Rigo, Paolo Meda, Nadia Rabah, Bruno Coutard, Thomas A. Bowden, Paul-Henri Lambert, Claire-Anne Siegrist, Daniel D. Pinschewer

PLOS Pathogens: published November 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005276

The N-terminal Helical Region of the Hepatitis C Virus p7 Ion Channel Protein Is Critical for Infectious Virus Production

Margaret A. Scull, William M. Schneider, Brenna R. Flatley, Robert Hayden, Canny Fung, Christopher T. Jones, Marieke van de Belt, François Penin, Charles M. Rice

PLOS Pathogens: published November 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005297

Global Analysis of the Fungal Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Reveals Loss of Function of the Transcriptional Repressor Nrg1 as a Mechanism of Pathogen Adaptation

Sang Hu Kim, Shawn T. Clark, Anuradha Surendra, Julia K. Copeland, Pauline W. Wang, Ron Ammar, Cathy Collins, D. Elizabeth Tullis, Corey Nislow, David M. Hwang, David S. Guttman, Leah E. Cowen

PLOS Pathogens: published November 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005308

Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway

John Karijolich, Emma Abernathy, Britt A. Glaunsinger

PLOS Pathogens: published November 19, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005260

Influenza Virus Induces Cholesterol-Enriched Endocytic Recycling Compartments for Budozone Formation via Cell Cycle-Independent Centrosome Maturation

Atsushi Kawaguchi, Mikako Hirohama, Yoshimi Harada, Suguru Osari, Kyosuke Nagata

PLOS Pathogens: published November 17, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005284

Non-Human Primates Harbor Diverse Mammalian and Avian Astroviruses Including Those Associated with Human Infections

Erik A Karlsson, Christopher T Small, Pamela Freiden, MM Feeroz, Frederick A Matsen IV, Sorn San, M Kamrul Hasan, David Wang, Lisa Jones-Engel, Stacey Schultz-Cherry

PLOS Pathogens: published November 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005225

Plasmodium P-Type Cyclin CYC3 Modulates Endomitotic Growth during Oocyst Development in Mosquitoes

Magali Roques, Richard J. Wall, Alexander P. Douglass, Abhinay Ramaprasad, David J. P. Ferguson, Mbinda L. Kaindama, Lorenzo Brusini, Nimitray Joshi, Zineb Rchiad, Declan Brady, David S. Guttery, Sally P. Wheatley, Hiroyuki Yamano, Anthony A. Holder, Arnab Pain, Bill Wickstead, Rita Tewari

PLOS Pathogens: published November 13, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005273

Ethanolamine Signaling Promotes Salmonella Niche Recognition and Adaptation during Infection

Christopher J. Anderson, David E. Clark, Mazhar Adli, Melissa M. Kendall

PLOS Pathogens: published November 13, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005278

PML/TRIM19-Dependent Inhibition of Retroviral Reverse-Transcription by Daxx

Jacques Dutrieux, Ghizlane Maarifi, Débora M. Portilho, Nathalie J. Arhel, Mounira K. Chelbi-Alix, Sébastien Nisole

PLOS Pathogens: published November 13, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005280

Perivascular Arrest of CD8⁺ T Cells Is a Signature of Experimental Cerebral Malaria

Tovah N. Shaw, Phillip J. Stewart-Hutchinson, Patrick Strangward, Durga B. Dandamudi, Jonathan A. Coles, Ana Villegas-Mendez, Julio Gallego-Delgado, Nico van Rooijen, Egor Zindy, Ana Rodriguez, James M. Brewer, Kevin N. Couper, Michael L. Dustin

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005210

Cryptosporidium Lactate Dehydrogenase Is Associated with the Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane and Is a Potential Target for Developing Therapeutics

Haili Zhang, Fengguang Guo, Guan Zhu

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005250

Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis across Evolutionary Scales

Mary B. O’Neill, Tatum D. Mortimer, Caitlin S. Pepperell

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005257

RNA-seq Brings New Insights to the Intra-Macrophage Transcriptome of Salmonella Typhimurium

Shabarinath Srikumar, Carsten Kröger, Magali Hébrard, Aoife Colgan, Siân V. Owen, Sathesh K. Sivasankaran, Andrew D. S. Cameron, Karsten Hokamp, Jay C. D. Hinton

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005262

Interferon-γ Inhibits Ebola Virus Infection

Bethany A. Rhein, Linda S. Powers, Kai Rogers, Manu Anantpadma, Brajesh K. Singh, Yasuteru Sakurai, Thomas Bair, Catherine Miller-Hunt, Patrick Sinn, Robert A. Davey, Martha M. Monick, Wendy Maury

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005263

Evolution and Emergence of Enteroviruses through Intra- and Inter-species Recombination: Plasticity and Phenotypic Impact of Modular Genetic Exchanges in the 5’ Untranslated Region

Claire Muslin, Marie-Line Joffret, Isabelle Pelletier, Bruno Blondel, Francis Delpeyroux

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005266

Dengue Virus Non-structural Protein 1 Modulates Infectious Particle Production via Interaction with the Structural Proteins

Pietro Scaturro, Mirko Cortese, Laurent Chatel-Chaix, Wolfgang Fischl, Ralf Bartenschlager

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005277

Cross-Species Transmission and Differential Fate of an Endogenous Retrovirus in Three Mammal Lineages

Xiaoyu Zhuo, Cédric Feschotte

PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005279

Host and Symbiont Jointly Control Gut Microbiota during Complete Metamorphosis

Paul R. Johnston, Jens Rolff

PLOS Pathogens: published November 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005246

An O-Methyltransferase Is Required for Infection of Tick Cells by Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Adela S. Oliva Chávez, James W. Fairman, Roderick F. Felsheim, Curtis M. Nelson, Michael J. Herron, LeeAnn Higgins, Nicole Y. Burkhardt, Jonathan D. Oliver, Todd W. Markowski, Timothy J. Kurtti, Thomas E. Edwards, Ulrike G. Munderloh

PLOS Pathogens: published November 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005248

Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Induces the Oncogenic miR-17-92 Cluster and Down-Regulates TGF-β Signaling

Hong Seok Choi, Vaibhav Jain, Brian Krueger, Vickie Marshall, Chang Hee Kim, Joanna L. Shisler, Denise Whitby, Rolf Renne

PLOS Pathogens: published November 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005255

Cleavage of a Neuroinvasive Human Respiratory Virus Spike Glycoprotein by Proprotein Convertases Modulates Neurovirulence and Virus Spread within the Central Nervous System

Alain Le Coupanec, Marc Desforges, Mathieu Meessen-Pinard, Mathieu Dubé, Robert Day, Nabil G. Seidah, Pierre J. Talbot

PLOS Pathogens: published November 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005261

Phosphorylation of a Myosin Motor by TgCDPK3 Facilitates Rapid Initiation of Motility during Toxoplasma gondii egress

Rajshekhar Y. Gaji, Derrick E. Johnson, Moritz Treeck, Mu Wang, Andy Hudmon, Gustavo Arrizabalaga

PLOS Pathogens: published November 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005268

Memory Th1 Cells Are Protective in Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infection

Aisling F. Brown, Alison G. Murphy, Stephen J. Lalor, John M. Leech, Kate M. O’Keeffe, Micheál Mac Aogáin, Dara P. O’Halloran, Keenan A. Lacey, Mehri Tavakol, Claire H. Hearnden, Deirdre Fitzgerald-Hughes, Hilary Humphreys, Jérôme P. Fennell, Willem J. van Wamel, Timothy J. Foster, Joan A. Geoghegan, Ed C. Lavelle, Thomas R. Rogers, Rachel M. McLoughlin

PLOS Pathogens: published November 5, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005226

Targeting HIV Reservoir in Infected CD4 T Cells by Dual-Affinity Re-targeting Molecules (DARTs) that Bind HIV Envelope and Recruit Cytotoxic T Cells

Derek D. Sloan, Chia-Ying Kao Lam, Alivelu Irrinki, Liqin Liu, Angela Tsai, Craig S. Pace, Jasmine Kaur, Jeffrey P. Murry, Mini Balakrishnan, Paul A. Moore, Syd Johnson, Jeffrey L. Nordstrom, Tomas Cihlar, Scott Koenig

PLOS Pathogens: published November 5, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005233

Broadening of Virus-Specific CD8⁺ T-Cell Responses Is Indicative of Residual Viral Replication in Aviremic SIV Controllers

Takushi Nomura, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Hiroshi Ishii, Hirofumi Akari, Taeko K. Naruse, Akinori Kimura, Tetsuro Matano

PLOS Pathogens: published November 4, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005247

Transcription Factor SomA Is Required for Adhesion, Development and Virulence of the Human Pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus

Chi-Jan Lin, Christoph Sasse, Jennifer Gerke, Oliver Valerius, Henriette Irmer, Holm Frauendorf, Thorsten Heinekamp, Maria Straßburger, Van Tuan Tran, Britta Herzog, Susanna A. Braus-Stromeyer, Gerhard H. Braus

PLOS Pathogens: published November 3, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005205

Interferon-α Subtypes in an Ex Vivo Model of Acute HIV-1 Infection: Expression, Potency and Effector Mechanisms

Michael S. Harper, Kejun Guo, Kathrin Gibbert, Eric J. Lee, Stephanie M. Dillon, Bradley S. Barrett, Martin D. McCarter, Kim J. Hasenkrug, Ulf Dittmer, Cara C. Wilson, Mario L. Santiago

PLOS Pathogens: published November 3, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005254

Cover