October 2011

Coral diseases have fundamentally altered Caribbean coral reef ecosystems and pose a growing threat to Indo-Pacific reefs, yet little is known about the etiologies and pathogeneses of many of these diseases. Coral disease researchers require the development of tools to detect and quantify putative pathogens in both controlled laboratory experiments and environmentally derived samples. Novel tools, such as this GFP-labeled strain of the coral pathogen V. coralliilyticus (shown here as a green aggregate), are currently being used to clarify the role of individual microbes in the onset and spread of coral disease lesions (see Pollock et al., doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002183).

Image Credit: F. Joseph Pollock, James Cook University and the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australia

Opinion

Defining Emerging Roles for NF-κB in Antivirus Responses: Revisiting the Interferon-β Enhanceosome Paradigm

Siddharth Balachandran, Amer A. Beg

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002165

Pearls

Quorum Sensing in Fungi: Q&A

Hiten D. Madhani

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002301

Review

The Urgent Need for Robust Coral Disease Diagnostics

F. Joseph Pollock, Pamela J. Morris, Bette L. Willis, David G. Bourne

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002183

Research Articles

Frequent and Recent Human Acquisition of Simian Foamy Viruses Through Apes' Bites in Central Africa

Edouard Betsem, Réjane Rua, Patricia Tortevoye, Alain Froment, Antoine Gessain

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002306

Non-Hematopoietic Cells in Lymph Nodes Drive Memory CD8 T Cell Inflation during Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection

Nicole Torti, Senta M. Walton, Thomas Brocker, Thomas Rülicke, Annette Oxenius

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002313

Deep Molecular Characterization of HIV-1 Dynamics under Suppressive HAART

Maria J. Buzón, Francisco M. Codoñer, Simon D. W. Frost, Christian Pou, Maria C. Puertas, Marta Massanella, Judith Dalmau, Josep M. Llibre, Mario Stevenson, Julià Blanco, Bonaventura Clotet, Roger Paredes, Javier Martinez-Picado

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002314

Histone Deacetylase 8 Is Required for Centrosome Cohesion and Influenza A Virus Entry

Yohei Yamauchi, Heithem Boukari, Indranil Banerjee, Ivo F. Sbalzarini, Peter Horvath, Ari Helenius

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002316

Leishmania Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin Plays a Crucial Peroxidase-Unrelated Role during Infection: Insight into Its Novel Chaperone Activity

Helena Castro, Filipa Teixeira, Susana Romao, Mariana Santos, Tânia Cruz, Manuela Flórido, Rui Appelberg, Pedro Oliveira, Frederico Ferreira-da-Silva, Ana M. Tomás

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002325

Tubule-Guided Cell-to-Cell Movement of a Plant Virus Requires Class XI Myosin Motors

Khalid Amari, Alexander Lerich, Corinne Schmitt-Keichinger, Valerian V. Dolja, Christophe Ritzenthaler

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002327

The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors

Susanne Pfefferle, Julia Schöpf, Manfred Kögl, Caroline C. Friedel, Marcel A. Müller, Javier Carbajo-Lozoya, Thorsten Stellberger, Ekatarina von Dall’Armi, Petra Herzog, Stefan Kallies, Daniela Niemeyer, Vanessa Ditt, Thomas Kuri, Roland Züst, Ksenia Pumpor, Rolf Hilgenfeld, Frank Schwarz, Ralf Zimmer, Imke Steffen, Friedemann Weber, Volker Thiel, Georg Herrler, Heinz-Jürgen Thiel, Christel Schwegmann-Weßels, Stefan Pöhlmann, Jürgen Haas, Christian Drosten, Albrecht von Brunn

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002331

Herpesvirus Telomerase RNA (vTR) with a Mutated Template Sequence Abrogates Herpesvirus-Induced Lymphomagenesis

Benedikt B. Kaufer, Sina Arndt, Sascha Trapp, Nikolaus Osterrieder, Keith W. Jarosinski

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002333

RNA Polymerase II Stalling Promotes Nucleosome Occlusion and pTEFb Recruitment to Drive Immortalization by Epstein-Barr Virus

Richard D. Palermo, Helen M. Webb, Michelle J. West

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002334

IFITM3 Inhibits Influenza A Virus Infection by Preventing Cytosolic Entry

Eric M. Feeley, Jennifer S. Sims, Sinu P. John, Christopher R. Chin, Thomas Pertel, Li-Mei Chen, Gaurav D. Gaiha, Bethany J. Ryan, Ruben O. Donis, Stephen J. Elledge, Abraham L. Brass

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002337

Coordinated Destruction of Cellular Messages in Translation Complexes by the Gammaherpesvirus Host Shutoff Factor and the Mammalian Exonuclease Xrn1

Sergio Covarrubias, Marta M. Gaglia, G. Renuka Kumar, Wesley Wong, Andrew O. Jackson, Britt A. Glaunsinger

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002339

Targeting Cattle-Borne Zoonoses and Cattle Pathogens Using a Novel Trypanosomatid-Based Delivery System

G. Adam Mott, Raymond Wilson, Anuruddika Fernando, Ailie Robinson, Paula MacGregor, David Kennedy, Dick Schaap, Jacqueline B. Matthews, Keith R. Matthews

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002340

Signal Transduction through CsrRS Confers an Invasive Phenotype in Group A Streptococcus

Hien J. Tran-Winkler, John F. Love, Ioannis Gryllos, Michael R. Wessels

PLOS Pathogens: published October 27, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002361

Structural and Functional Analysis of Laninamivir and its Octanoate Prodrug Reveals Group Specific Mechanisms for Influenza NA Inhibition

Christopher J. Vavricka, Qing Li, Yan Wu, Jianxun Qi, Mingyang Wang, Yue Liu, Feng Gao, Jun Liu, Enguang Feng, Jianhua He, Jinfang Wang, Hong Liu, Hualiang Jiang, George F. Gao

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002249

An Integrated Approach to Elucidate the Intra-Viral and Viral-Cellular Protein Interaction Networks of a Gamma-Herpesvirus

Shaoying Lee, Lukasz Salwinski, Chaoying Zhang, Derrick Chu, Claire Sampankanpanich, Nichole A. Reyes, Abbey Vangeloff, Fangfang Xing, Xudong Li, Ting-Ting Wu, Sudhir Sahasrabudhe, Hongyu Deng, Douglas J. LaCount, Ren Sun

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002297

Fitness Landscape of Antibiotic Tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Sasan Amini, Alison K. Hottes, Lincoln E. Smith, Saeed Tavazoie

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002298

Trafficking of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein during Virus Particle Assembly

Natalie A. Counihan, Stephen M. Rawlinson, Brett D. Lindenbach

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002302

Discovery of an Ebolavirus-Like Filovirus in Europe

Ana Negredo, Gustavo Palacios, Sonia Vázquez-Morón, Félix González, Hernán Dopazo, Francisca Molero, Javier Juste, Juan Quetglas, Nazir Savji, Maria de la Cruz Martínez, Jesus Enrique Herrera, Manuel Pizarro, Stephen K. Hutchison, Juan E. Echevarría, W. Ian Lipkin, Antonio Tenorio

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002304

Preventing Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis through the Inhibition of Its Agglutination in Blood

Molly McAdow, Hwan Keun Kim, Andrea C. DeDent, Antoni P. A. Hendrickx, Olaf Schneewind, Dominique M. Missiakas

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002307

Soluble Rhesus Lymphocryptovirus gp350 Protects against Infection and Reduces Viral Loads in Animals that Become Infected with Virus after Challenge

Junji Sashihara, Yo Hoshino, J. Jason Bowman, Tammy Krogmann, Peter D. Burbelo, V. McNeil Coffield, Kurt Kamrud, Jeffrey I. Cohen

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002308

The Mouse IAPE Endogenous Retrovirus Can Infect Cells through Any of the Five GPI-Anchored EphrinA Proteins

Marie Dewannieux, Cécile Vernochet, David Ribet, Birke Bartosch, François-Loïc Cosset, Thierry Heidmann

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002309

A Phenome-Based Functional Analysis of Transcription Factors in the Cereal Head Blight Fungus, Fusarium graminearum

Hokyoung Son, Young-Su Seo, Kyunghun Min, Ae Ran Park, Jungkwan Lee, Jian-Ming Jin, Yang Lin, Peijian Cao, Sae-Yeon Hong, Eun-Kyung Kim, Seung-Ho Lee, Aram Cho, Seunghoon Lee, Myung-Gu Kim, Yongsoo Kim, Jung-Eun Kim, Jin-Cheol Kim, Gyung Ja Choi, Sung-Hwan Yun, Jae Yun Lim, Minkyun Kim, Yong-Hwan Lee, Yang-Do Choi, Yin-Won Lee

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002310

Distinct Single Amino Acid Replacements in the Control of Virulence Regulator Protein Differentially Impact Streptococcal Pathogenesis

Nicola Horstmann, Pranoti Sahasrabhojane, Bryce Suber, Muthiah Kumaraswami, Randall J. Olsen, Anthony Flores, James M. Musser, Richard G. Brennan, Samuel A. Shelburne III

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002311

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Envelope Protein Regulates Cell Stress Response and Apoptosis

Marta L. DeDiego, Jose L. Nieto-Torres, Jose M. Jiménez-Guardeño, Jose A. Regla-Nava, Enrique Álvarez, Juan Carlos Oliveros, Jincun Zhao, Craig Fett, Stanley Perlman, Luis Enjuanes

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002315

ISG15 Is Critical in the Control of Chikungunya Virus Infection Independent of UbE1L Mediated Conjugation

Scott W. Werneke, Clementine Schilte, Anjali Rohatgi, Kristen J. Monte, Alain Michault, Fernando Arenzana-Seisdedos, Dana L. Vanlandingham, Stephen Higgs, Arnaud Fontanet, Matthew L. Albert, Deborah J. Lenschow

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002322

Novel Mouse Xenograft Models Reveal a Critical Role of CD4⁺ T Cells in the Proliferation of EBV-Infected T and NK Cells

Ken-Ichi Imadome, Misako Yajima, Ayako Arai, Atsuko Nakazawa, Fuyuko Kawano, Sayumi Ichikawa, Norio Shimizu, Naoki Yamamoto, Tomohiro Morio, Shouichi Ohga, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Mamoru Ito, Osamu Miura, Jun Komano, Shigeyoshi Fujiwara

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002326

Exhausted Cytotoxic Control of Epstein-Barr Virus in Human Lupus

Martin Larsen, Delphine Sauce, Claire Deback, Laurent Arnaud, Alexis Mathian, Makoto Miyara, David Boutolleau, Christophe Parizot, Karim Dorgham, Laura Papagno, Victor Appay, Zahir Amoura, Guy Gorochov

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002328

Suppression of Methylation-Mediated Transcriptional Gene Silencing by βC1-SAHH Protein Interaction during Geminivirus-Betasatellite Infection

Xiuling Yang, Yan Xie, Priya Raja, Sizhun Li, Jamie N. Wolf, Qingtang Shen, David M. Bisaro, Xueping Zhou

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002329

HacA-Independent Functions of the ER Stress Sensor IreA Synergize with the Canonical UPR to Influence Virulence Traits in Aspergillus fumigatus

Xizhi Feng, Karthik Krishnan, Daryl L. Richie, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Lukas Hartl, Nora Grahl, Margaret V. Powers-Fletcher, Minlu Zhang, Kevin K. Fuller, William C. Nierman, Long Jason Lu, Jean-Paul Latgé, Laura Woollett, Simon L. Newman, Robert A. Cramer Jr., Judith C. Rhodes, David S. Askew

PLOS Pathogens: published October 20, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002330

KIR2DL2 Enhances Protective and Detrimental HLA Class I-Mediated Immunity in Chronic Viral Infection

Nafisa-Katrin Seich al Basatena, Aidan MacNamara, Alison M. Vine, Chloe L. Thio, Jacquie Astemborski, Koichiro Usuku, Mitsuhiro Osame, Gregory D. Kirk, Sharyne M. Donfield, James J. Goedert, Charles R.M. Bangham, Mary Carrington, Salim I. Khakoo, Becca Asquith

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002270

A Novel Core Genome-Encoded Superantigen Contributes to Lethality of Community-Associated MRSA Necrotizing Pneumonia

Gillian J. Wilson, Keun Seok Seo, Robyn A. Cartwright, Timothy Connelley, Olivia N. Chuang-Smith, Joseph A. Merriman, Caitriona M. Guinane, Joo Youn Park, Gregory A. Bohach, Patrick M. Schlievert, W. Ivan Morrison, J. Ross Fitzgerald

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002271

A Wide Extent of Inter-Strain Diversity in Virulent and Vaccine Strains of Alphaherpesviruses

Moriah L. Szpara, Yolanda R. Tafuri, Lance Parsons, S. Rafi Shamim, Kevin J. Verstrepen, Matthieu Legendre, L. W. Enquist

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002282

Hepatitis C Virus Reveals a Novel Early Control in Acute Immune Response

Noëlla Arnaud, Stéphanie Dabo, Daisuke Akazawa, Masayoshi Fukasawa, Fumiko Shinkai-Ouchi, Jacques Hugon, Takaji Wakita, Eliane F. Meurs

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002289

Endophytic Life Strategies Decoded by Genome and Transcriptome Analyses of the Mutualistic Root Symbiont Piriformospora indica

Alga Zuccaro, Urs Lahrmann, Ulrich Güldener, Gregor Langen, Stefanie Pfiffi, Dagmar Biedenkopf, Philip Wong, Birgit Samans, Carolin Grimm, Magdalena Basiewicz, Claude Murat, Francis Martin, Karl-Heinz Kogel

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002290

Biochemical and Structural Insights into the Mechanisms of SARS Coronavirus RNA Ribose 2′-O-Methylation by nsp16/nsp10 Protein Complex

Yu Chen, Ceyang Su, Min Ke, Xu Jin, Lirong Xu, Zhou Zhang, Andong Wu, Ying Sun, Zhouning Yang, Po Tien, Tero Ahola, Yi Liang, Xinqi Liu, Deyin Guo

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002294

The Role of Sialyl Glycan Recognition in Host Tissue Tropism of the Avian Parasite Eimeria tenella

Livia Lai, Janene Bumstead, Yan Liu, James Garnett, Maria A. Campanero-Rhodes, Damer P. Blake, Angelina S. Palma, Wengang Chai, David J. P. Ferguson, Peter Simpson, Ten Feizi, Fiona M. Tomley, Stephen Matthews

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002296

A Viral Nuclear Noncoding RNA Binds Re-localized Poly(A) Binding Protein and Is Required for Late KSHV Gene Expression

Sumit Borah, Nicole Darricarrère, Alicia Darnell, Jinjong Myoung, Joan A. Steitz

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002300

The DEAD-box RNA Helicase DDX6 is Required for Efficient Encapsidation of a Retroviral Genome

Shuyuarn F. Yu, Phillip Lujan, Dana L. Jackson, Michael Emerman, Maxine L. Linial

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002303

The Anti-Sigma Factor TcdC Modulates Hypervirulence in an Epidemic BI/NAP1/027 Clinical Isolate of Clostridium difficile

Glen P. Carter, Gillian R. Douce, Revathi Govind, Pauline M. Howarth, Kate E. Mackin, Janice Spencer, Anthony M. Buckley, Ana Antunes, Despina Kotsanas, Grant A. Jenkin, Bruno Dupuy, Julian I. Rood, Dena Lyras

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002317

Toll-8/Tollo Negatively Regulates Antimicrobial Response in the Drosophila Respiratory Epithelium

Idir Akhouayri, Claire Turc, Julien Royet, Bernard Charroux

PLOS Pathogens: published October 13, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002319

Haemophilus influenzae Infection Drives IL-17-Mediated Neutrophilic Allergic Airways Disease

Ama-Tawiah Essilfie, Jodie L. Simpson, Jay C. Horvat, Julie A. Preston, Margaret L. Dunkley, Paul S. Foster, Peter G. Gibson, Philip M. Hansbro

PLOS Pathogens: published October 6, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002244

IRAK-2 Regulates IL-1-Mediated Pathogenic Th17 Cell Development in Helminthic Infection

Patrick M. Smith, Berri Jacque, James R. Conner, Alexander Poltorak, Miguel J. Stadecker

PLOS Pathogens: published October 6, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002272

Blood Feeding and Insulin-like Peptide 3 Stimulate Proliferation of Hemocytes in the Mosquito Aedes aegypti

Julio Castillo, Mark R. Brown, Michael R. Strand

PLOS Pathogens: published October 6, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002274

The Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Transactivator Infected Cell Protein-4 Drives VEGF-A Dependent Neovascularization

Todd Wuest, Min Zheng, Stacey Efstathiou, William P. Halford, Daniel J. J. Carr

PLOS Pathogens: published October 6, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002278

Critical Roles for LIGHT and Its Receptors in Generating T Cell-Mediated Immunity during Leishmania donovani Infection

Amanda C. Stanley, Fabian de Labastida Rivera, Ashraful Haque, Meru Sheel, Yonghong Zhou, Fiona H. Amante, Patrick T. Bunn, Louise M. Randall, Klaus Pfeffer, Stefanie Scheu, Michael J. Hickey, Bernadette M. Saunders, Carl Ware, Geoff R. Hill, Koji Tamada, Paul M. Kaye, Christian R. Engwerda

PLOS Pathogens: published October 6, 2011 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002279

Cover

A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled strain of the coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus.

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**A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled strain of the coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus.**