The prefusion conformation of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein (RSV F) is a major target for the development of vaccines, protective antibodies and small molecules. The potently neutralizing antibody AM14 is unique in its ability to specifically recognize the trimeric, furin-cleaved, prefusion conformation of RSV F. The structure shown is the RSV F protein bound to three AM14 Fabs and three motavizumab Fabs, viewed looking down toward the viral membrane. McLellan et al.
Image Credit: Morgan SA Gilman
Opinion
Mosquitoes Reset Malaria Parasites
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004987
Pearls
N-acetylglucosamine Regulates Virulence Properties in Microbial Pathogens
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004947
Periodontal Diseases: Bug Induced, Host Promoted
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004952
On and Under the Skin: Emerging Basidiomycetous Yeast Infections Caused by Trichosporon Species
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004982
Mechanisms of Host Behavioral Change in Toxoplasma gondii Rodent Association
PLOS Pathogens: published July 23, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004935
Cross Kingdom Activators of Five Classes of Bacterial Effectors
PLOS Pathogens: published July 23, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004944
Turning Up the Heat: Inflammasome Activation by Fungal Pathogens
PLOS Pathogens: published July 23, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004948
The Emerging Role for RNA Polymerase II in Regulating Virulence Gene Expression in Malaria Parasites
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004926
Exploiting Fungal Virulence-Regulating Transcription Factors As Novel Antifungal Drug Targets
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004936
RNA Virus Reassortment: An Evolutionary Mechanism for Host Jumps and Immune Evasion
PLOS Pathogens: published July 9, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004902
Deploying FLAREs to Visualize Functional Outcomes of Host—Pathogen Encounters
PLOS Pathogens: published July 9, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004912
The Lung Microbiome: New Principles for Respiratory Bacteriology in Health and Disease
PLOS Pathogens: published July 9, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004923
Risks of Antibiotic Exposures Early in Life on the Developing Microbiome
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004903
Extracellular Virions: The Advance Guard of Poxvirus Infections
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004904
Review
The DSF Family of Cell–Cell Signals: An Expanding Class of Bacterial Virulence Regulators
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004986
Research Matters
Basic Prion Science “Spreads” Insight
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005092
Research Driven by Curiosity: The Journey from Basic Molecular Biology and Virology to Studies of Human Pathogenic Coronaviruses
PLOS Pathogens: published July 14, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005023
Research Articles
Transfer of Immunity from Mother to Offspring Is Mediated via Egg-Yolk Protein Vitellogenin
PLOS Pathogens: published July 31, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005015
EhVps32 Is a Vacuole-Associated Protein Involved in Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis of Entamoeaba histolytica
PLOS Pathogens: published July 31, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005079
Activation of TLR2 and TLR6 by Dengue NS1 Protein and Its Implications in the Immunopathogenesis of Dengue Virus Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005053
Rapidly Evolving Genes Are Key Players in Host Specialization and Virulence of the Fungal Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola)
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005055
An In-Depth Comparison of Latency-Reversing Agent Combinations in Various In Vitro and Ex Vivo HIV-1 Latency Models Identified Bryostatin-1+JQ1 and Ingenol-B+JQ1 to Potently Reactivate Viral Gene Expression
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005063
Synergistic Reactivation of Latent HIV Expression by Ingenol-3-Angelate, PEP005, Targeted NF-kB Signaling in Combination with JQ1 Induced p-TEFb Activation
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005066
Ubiquilin 1 Promotes IFN-γ-Induced Xenophagy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
PLOS Pathogens: published July 30, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005076
An Internally Translated MAVS Variant Exposes Its Amino-terminal TRAF-Binding Motifs to Deregulate Interferon Induction
PLOS Pathogens: published July 29, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005060
A Novel Antiviral Target Structure Involved in the RNA Binding, Dimerization, and Nuclear Export Functions of the Influenza A Virus Nucleoprotein
PLOS Pathogens: published July 29, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005062
IL-27 Signaling Is Crucial for Survival of Mice Infected with African Trypanosomes via Preventing Lethal Effects of CD4+ T Cells and IFN-γ
PLOS Pathogens: published July 29, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005065
A Comprehensive Analysis of Replicating Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Genomes Delineates the Viral Transcription Program and Suggests a Role for mcv-miR-M1 in Episomal Persistence
PLOS Pathogens: published July 28, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004974
Identification of Caspase Cleavage Sites in KSHV Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen and Their Effects on Caspase-Related Host Defense Responses
PLOS Pathogens: published July 28, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005064
Human Enterovirus Nonstructural Protein 2CATPase Functions as Both an RNA Helicase and ATP-Independent RNA Chaperone
PLOS Pathogens: published July 28, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005067
Age-Dependent Cell Trafficking Defects in Draining Lymph Nodes Impair Adaptive Immunity and Control of West Nile Virus Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 23, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005027
Virulence of Group A Streptococci Is Enhanced by Human Complement Inhibitors
PLOS Pathogens: published July 22, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005043
Analysis of the SUMO2 Proteome during HSV-1 Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 22, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005059
Staphylococcus aureus Colonization of the Mouse Gastrointestinal Tract Is Modulated by Wall Teichoic Acid, Capsule, and Surface Proteins
PLOS Pathogens: published July 22, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005061
K-bZIP Mediated SUMO-2/3 Specific Modification on the KSHV Genome Negatively Regulates Lytic Gene Expression and Viral Reactivation
PLOS Pathogens: published July 21, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005051
Latent KSHV Infected Endothelial Cells Are Glutamine Addicted and Require Glutaminolysis for Survival
PLOS Pathogens: published July 21, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005052
Vpr Promotes Macrophage-Dependent HIV-1 Infection of CD4+ T Lymphocytes
PLOS Pathogens: published July 17, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005054
Utilizing Chemical Genomics to Identify Cytochrome b as a Novel Drug Target for Chagas Disease
PLOS Pathogens: published July 17, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005058
Existing Infection Facilitates Establishment and Density of Malaria Parasites in Their Mosquito Vector
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005003
Mycolactone-Dependent Depletion of Endothelial Cell Thrombomodulin Is Strongly Associated with Fibrin Deposition in Buruli Ulcer Lesions
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005011
The Role of VP1 Amino Acid Residue 145 of Enterovirus 71 in Viral Fitness and Pathogenesis in a Cynomolgus Monkey Model
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005033
Vaccination Drives Changes in Metabolic and Virulence Profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005034
Decline of FoxP3+ Regulatory CD4 T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Children Heavily Exposed to Malaria
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005041
Macrophages Subvert Adaptive Immunity to Urinary Tract Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005044
Evaluating Human T-Cell Therapy of Cytomegalovirus Organ Disease in HLA-Transgenic Mice
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005049
Lv4 Is a Capsid-Specific Antiviral Activity in Human Blood Cells That Restricts Viruses of the SIVMAC/SIVSM/HIV-2 Lineage Prior to Integration
PLOS Pathogens: published July 16, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005050
Vpu Exploits the Cross-Talk between BST2 and the ILT7 Receptor to Suppress Anti-HIV-1 Responses by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells
PLOS Pathogens: published July 14, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005024
The Endosymbiotic Bacterium Wolbachia Selectively Kills Male Hosts by Targeting the Masculinizing Gene
PLOS Pathogens: published July 14, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005048
Characterization of a Prefusion-Specific Antibody That Recognizes a Quaternary, Cleavage-Dependent Epitope on the RSV Fusion Glycoprotein
PLOS Pathogens: published July 10, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005035
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Dimerization-Induced Allosteric Changes of the Oxyanion-Hole Loop Activate the Pseudorabies Virus Assemblin pUL26N, a Herpesvirus Serine Protease
PLOS Pathogens: published July 10, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005045
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Capacity of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies to Inhibit HIV-1 Cell-Cell Transmission Is Strain- and Epitope-Dependent
PLOS Pathogens: published July 9, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004966
The Broad Neutralizing Antibody Responses after HIV-1 Superinfection Are Not Dominated by Antibodies Directed to Epitopes Common in Single Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 9, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004973
Neuronal Interferon Signaling Is Required for Protection against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication and Pathogenesis
PLOS Pathogens: published July 8, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005028
Epstein-Barr Virus Proteins EBNA3A and EBNA3C Together Induce Expression of the Oncogenic MicroRNA Cluster miR-221/miR-222 and Ablate Expression of Its Target p57KIP2
PLOS Pathogens: published July 8, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005031
MiR-21 in Extracellular Vesicles Leads to Neurotoxicity via TLR7 Signaling in SIV Neurological Disease
PLOS Pathogens: published July 8, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005032
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IFNγ and IL-12 Restrict Th2 Responses during Helminth/Plasmodium Co-Infection and Promote IFNγ from Th2 Cells
PLOS Pathogens: published July 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004994
THY-1 Cell Surface Antigen (CD90) Has an Important Role in the Initial Stage of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004999
A Unique Human Norovirus Lineage with a Distinct HBGA Binding Interface
PLOS Pathogens: published July 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005025
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Calprotectin Increases the Activity of the SaeRS Two Component System and Murine Mortality during Staphylococcus aureus Infections
PLOS Pathogens: published July 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005026
Transmission Properties of Human PrP 102L Prions Challenge the Relevance of Mouse Models of GSS
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004953
Intraperitoneal Infection of Wild-Type Mice with Synthetically Generated Mammalian Prion
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004958
Suppression of Long-Lived Humoral Immunity Following Borrelia burgdorferi Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004976
Phosphoproteomic Analysis of KSHV-Infected Cells Reveals Roles of ORF45-Activated RSK during Lytic Replication
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004993
HIV Reactivation from Latency after Treatment Interruption Occurs on Average Every 5-8 Days—Implications for HIV Remission
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005000
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Phenylbutyrate Is Bacteriostatic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Regulates the Macrophage Response to Infection, Synergistically with 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D₃
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005007
Expression of the Blood-Group-Related Gene B4galnt2 Alters Susceptibility to Salmonella Infection
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005008
Herpesvirus Genome Recognition Induced Acetylation of Nuclear IFI16 Is Essential for Its Cytoplasmic Translocation, Inflammasome and IFN-β Responses
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005019
Type VI Secretion System Transports Zn2+ to Combat Multiple Stresses and Host Immunity
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005020
α2-Macroglobulin Can Crosslink Multiple Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) Molecules and May Facilitate Adhesion of Parasitized Erythrocytes
PLOS Pathogens: published July 2, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005022
CR3 and Dectin-1 Collaborate in Macrophage Cytokine Response through Association on Lipid Rafts and Activation of Syk-JNK-AP-1 Pathway
PLOS Pathogens: published July 1, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004985
The Serine Protease EspC from Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Regulates Pore Formation and Cytotoxicity Mediated by the Type III Secretion System
PLOS Pathogens: published July 1, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005013
Should Symbionts Be Nice or Selfish? Antiviral Effects of Wolbachia Are Costly but Reproductive Parasitism Is Not
PLOS Pathogens: published July 1, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005021