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June 2010

Scanning electron microscopy image of a Cryptococcus neoformans giant cell isolated from the lung of an infected mouse. The image illustrates one of the most characteristic phenotypic features of giant cells, which is the high density of polysaccharide fibers present in the capsule. This structure presents as a highly cross-linked net, which is accumulated as a very compact layer around the cell body (see Zaragoza et al., doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000945).

Image Credit: Oscar Zaragoza, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States of America

Opinions

DNA Watermarking of Infectious Agents: Progress and Prospects

Daniel C. Jupiter, Thomas A. Ficht, James Samuel, Qing-Ming Qin, Paul de Figueiredo

Research Articles

EspA Acts as a Critical Mediator of ESX1-Dependent Virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Affecting Bacterial Cell Wall Integrity

Alejandra Garces, Krishnamohan Atmakuri, Michael R. Chase, Joshua S. Woodworth, Bryan Krastins, Alissa C. Rothchild, Talia L. Ramsdell, Mary F. Lopez, Samuel M. Behar, David A. Sarracino, Sarah M. Fortune

Protein Expression Redirects Vesicular Stomatitis Virus RNA Synthesis to Cytoplasmic Inclusions

Bianca S. Heinrich, David K. Cureton, Amal A. Rahmeh, Sean P. J. Whelan

Insight into the Mechanisms of Adenovirus Capsid Disassembly from Studies of Defensin Neutralization

Jason G. Smith, Mariena Silvestry, Steffen Lindert, Wuyuan Lu, Glen R. Nemerow, Phoebe L. Stewart

NleG Type 3 Effectors from Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli Are U-Box E3 Ubiquitin Ligases

Bin Wu, Tatiana Skarina, Adelinda Yee, Marie-Claude Jobin, Rosa DiLeo, Anthony Semesi, Christophe Fares, Alexander Lemak, Brian K. Coombes, Cheryl H. Arrowsmith, Alexander U. Singer, Alexei Savchenko

The Enteropathogenic E. coli Effector EspF Targets and Disrupts the Nucleolus by a Process Regulated by Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Paul Dean, Jon A. Scott, Andrew A. Knox, Sabine Quitard, Nicholas J. Watkins, Brendan Kenny

Formation of Complexes at Plasmodesmata for Potyvirus Intercellular Movement Is Mediated by the Viral Protein P3N-PIPO

Taiyun Wei, Changwei Zhang, Jian Hong, Ruyi Xiong, Kristin D. Kasschau, Xueping Zhou, James C. Carrington, Aiming Wang

Cognitive Dysfunction Is Sustained after Rescue Therapy in Experimental Cerebral Malaria, and Is Reduced by Additive Antioxidant Therapy

Patricia A. Reis, Clarissa M. Comim, Fernanda Hermani, Bruno Silva, Tatiana Barichello, Aline C. Portella, Flavia C. A. Gomes, Ive M. Sab, Valber S. Frutuoso, Marcus F. Oliveira, Patricia T. Bozza, Fernando A. Bozza, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Guy A. Zimmerman, João Quevedo, Hugo C. Castro-Faria-Neto

Staphylococcus aureus Host Cell Invasion and Virulence in Sepsis Is Facilitated by the Multiple Repeats within FnBPA

Andrew M. Edwards, Jennifer R. Potts, Elisabet Josefsson, Ruth C. Massey

Human Cytomegalovirus UL29/28 Protein Interacts with Components of the NuRD Complex Which Promote Accumulation of Immediate-Early RNA

Scott S. Terhune, Nathaniel J. Moorman, Ileana M. Cristea, John Paul Savaryn, Christian Cuevas-Bennett, Michael P. Rout, Brian T. Chait, Thomas Shenk

Role of PKR and Type I IFNs in Viral Control during Primary and Secondary Infection

Yumi Nakayama, Erin H. Plisch, Jeremy Sullivan, Chester Thomas, Charles J. Czuprynski, Bryan R. G. Williams, M. Suresh

A Viral microRNA Down-Regulates Multiple Cell Cycle Genes through mRNA 5′UTRs

Finn Grey, Rebecca Tirabassi, Heather Meyers, Guanming Wu, Shannon McWeeney, Lauren Hook, Jay A. Nelson

Fungal Cell Gigantism during Mammalian Infection

Oscar Zaragoza, Rocío García-Rodas, Joshua D. Nosanchuk, Manuel Cuenca-Estrella, Juan Luis Rodríguez-Tudela, Arturo Casadevall

Related Articles

Cryptococcal Cell Morphology Affects Host Cell Interactions and Pathogenicity

Laura H. Okagaki, Anna K. Strain, Judith N. Nielsen, Caroline Charlier, Nicholas J. Baltes, Fabrice Chrétien, Joseph Heitman, Françoise Dromer, Kirsten Nielsen

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A Kinome RNAi Screen Identified AMPK as Promoting Poxvirus Entry through the Control of Actin Dynamics

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Tetherin Restricts Productive HIV-1 Cell-to-Cell Transmission

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Complement Receptor 1 Is a Sialic Acid-Independent Erythrocyte Receptor of Plasmodium falciparum

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The Trw Type IV Secretion System of Bartonella Mediates Host-Specific Adhesion to Erythrocytes

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Coexpression of PD-1, 2B4, CD160 and KLRG1 on Exhausted HCV-Specific CD8+ T Cells Is Linked to Antigen Recognition and T Cell Differentiation

Bertram Bengsch, Bianca Seigel, Marianne Ruhl, Jörg Timm, Martin Kuntz, Hubert E. Blum, Hanspeter Pircher, Robert Thimme

A Crucial Role for Infected-Cell/Antibody Immune Complexes in the Enhancement of Endogenous Antiviral Immunity by Short Passive Immunotherapy

Henri-Alexandre Michaud, Tiphanie Gomard, Laurent Gros, Kevin Thiolon, Roudaina Nasser, Chantal Jacquet, Javier Hernandez, Marc Piechaczyk, Mireia Pelegrin

Epigenetic Repression of p16INK4A by Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Requires the Interaction of EBNA3A and EBNA3C with CtBP

Lenka Skalska, Robert E. White, Melanie Franz, Michaela Ruhmann, Martin J. Allday

Self-Protection against Gliotoxin—A Component of the Gliotoxin Biosynthetic Cluster, GliT, Completely Protects Aspergillus fumigatus Against Exogenous Gliotoxin

Markus Schrettl, Stephen Carberry, Kevin Kavanagh, Hubertus Haas, Gary W. Jones, Jennifer O'Brien, Aine Nolan, John Stephens, Orla Fenelon, Sean Doyle

The SOCS-Box of HIV-1 Vif Interacts with ElonginBC by Induced-Folding to Recruit Its Cul5-Containing Ubiquitin Ligase Complex

Julien R. C. Bergeron, Hendrik Huthoff, Dennis A. Veselkov, Rebecca L. Beavil, Peter J. Simpson, Stephen J. Matthews, Michael H. Malim, Mark R. Sanderson

Trypanosoma brucei Modifies the Tsetse Salivary Composition, Altering the Fly Feeding Behavior That Favors Parasite Transmission

Jan Van Den Abbeele, Guy Caljon, Karin De Ridder, Patrick De Baetselier, Marc Coosemans

Requirement of NOX2 and Reactive Oxygen Species for Efficient RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Response through Regulation of MAVS Expression

Anton Soucy-Faulkner, Espérance Mukawera, Karin Fink, Alexis Martel, Loubna Jouan, Yves Nzengue, Daniel Lamarre, Christine Vande Velde, Nathalie Grandvaux

Rotavirus Structural Proteins and dsRNA Are Required for the Human Primary Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell IFNα Response

Emily M. Deal, Maria C. Jaimes, Sue E. Crawford, Mary K. Estes, Harry B. Greenberg

Suppressing Glucose Transporter Gene Expression in Schistosomes Impairs Parasite Feeding and Decreases Survival in the Mammalian Host

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Epithelial p38α Controls Immune Cell Recruitment in the Colonic Mucosa

Young Jun Kang, Motoyuki Otsuka, Arjen van den Berg, Lixin Hong, Zhe Huang, Xiurong Wu, Duan-Wu Zhang, Bruce A. Vallance, Peter S. Tobias, Jiahuai Han

Requirement for Ergosterol in V-ATPase Function Underlies Antifungal Activity of Azole Drugs

Yong-Qiang Zhang, Soledad Gamarra, Guillermo Garcia-Effron, Steven Park, David S. Perlin, Rajini Rao

Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded LMP2A Induces an Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Increases the Number of Side Population Stem-like Cancer Cells in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

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Protein Kinase A Dependent Phosphorylation of Apical Membrane Antigen 1 Plays an Important Role in Erythrocyte Invasion by the Malaria Parasite

Kerstin Leykauf, Moritz Treeck, Paul R. Gilson, Thomas Nebl, Thomas Braulke, Alan F. Cowman, Tim W. Gilberger, Brendan S. Crabb