The E3 Ligase APIP10 Connects the Effector AvrPiz-t to the NLR Receptor Piz-t in Rice
Fig 3
Knockdown of APIP10 expression compromises basal defense in rice.
(A), (B) PTI-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst in three independently transformed NPB APIP10 RNAi and NPB lines. The mean of the three lines was used for data analysis. (F), (G) PTI-induced ROS burst in NPB Piz-t:HA and NPB Piz-t:HA APIP10 RNAi lines. Rice leaf disks were treated with 100 nM flg22, 8 nM chitin (hexa-N-acetyl-chitohexaose), or water. ROS were detected using a luminol-chemiluminescence assay. Error bars, s.e.m. (n = 3). (C), (H) Induction of defense-related genes OsKS4 and OsPAL at 3 h post incubation (hpi) in either water, chitin, or flg22, respectively; white bars indicate NPB lines in C and NPB Piz-t:HA in H, and grey bars indicate APIP10 RNAi plants in respective backgrounds. qPCR was performed using gene-specific primers. Values are means and error bars, s.e.m. (n = 3). (D), (I) Infection assay: rice leaves of 6-week-old plants were inoculated with the virulent isolate RB22; the leaves were photographed 9 d post inoculation (dpi). (E), (J). Relative fungal growth (left) and sporulation (right) were measured 9 dpi. Values are means, error bars are s.e.m. (n = 8, *P<0.05)