A Novel Pseudopodial Component of the Dendritic Cell Anti-Fungal Response: The Fungipod
Figure 6
Functional significance of fungipods.
(A) DIC (left panel) and confocal 3D projection (right panel, red/green anaglyph) images of actin staining in DC with a zymosan particle attached in a cup-like structure formed by 14 fungipods. Zymosan position is shown in DIC. Bar = 10 µm. (B) SEM image (3700x) of zymosan particles with numerous attached fungipods. Bar = 10 µm. (C) DIC (left panel), confocal fluorescence (middle panel), and confocal 3D projection (right panel, red/green anaglyph) images of DiI stained DC with fungipods (arrows) enmeshing a zymosan particle (asterisk). Bar = 10 µm. (D) TEM thin section image of a zymosan particle (asterisk) being monolaterally engulfed (arrowheads) by a DC. Bar = 1 µm. (E) TEM thin section image of an internalized zymosan particle (asterisk) associated with overlapping phagocytic membranes (arrowheads). Bar = 1 µm. (F) TEM thin section image of a zymosan particle (asterisk) being bilaterally engulfed (arrowheads) by a DC. Bar = 1 µm. (G) DIC (i) and confocal fluorescence (ii) images of zymosan (asterisk) associated membrane wedges on DC (arrowheads) stained for actin (red) and cortactin (green). Orthogonal sections of a membrane wedge through horizontal (purple) and vertical (cyan) lines shown are depicted in panels (iii) and (iv), respectively. Bar = 10 µm for panels (i, ii). Bar = 1 µm for panels (iii, iv). (H) Representative DIC image of anti-CD206 coated 1 µm beads (arrowheads) bound to DC for 4 hours resulting in no fungipod-like protrusions. Bar = 10 µm.