About the Authors

Ece A. Mutlu

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Ali Keshavarzian

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Pharmacology, The Graduate College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

John Losurdo

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Garth Swanson

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Basile Siewe

Affiliation Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Christopher Forsyth

Affiliations Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Biochemistry, The Graduate College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Audrey French

Affiliation Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center/Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Patricia DeMarais

Affiliation Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center/Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Yan Sun

Affiliation Research and Testing Laboratory, LLC., Lubbock, Texas, United States of America

Lars Koenig

Affiliation Research and Testing Laboratory, LLC., Lubbock, Texas, United States of America

Stephen Cox

Affiliation Research and Testing Laboratory, LLC., Lubbock, Texas, United States of America

Phillip Engen

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Prachi Chakradeo

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Rawan Abbasi

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Annika Gorenz

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Charles Burns

Affiliation Rush Medical College, Armour Academic Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Alan Landay

alanday@rush.edu

Affiliations Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EAM AK JL GS BS CF AL. Performed the experiments: BS YS LK SC PE CB PC RA AG AF PD. Analyzed the data: EAM AK LK AF PD PE PC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YS LK SC. Wrote the paper: EAM AK AL. Reviewed and/or edited the manuscript: EAM AK JL GS BS CF AL YS LK SC CB PE RA AG AF PD PC.