About the Authors

Pádraig J. Ross

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Caroline E. Sutton

Contributed equally to this work with: Caroline E. Sutton, Sarah Higgins

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Sarah Higgins

Contributed equally to this work with: Caroline E. Sutton, Sarah Higgins

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Aideen C. Allen

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Kevin Walsh

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Alicja Misiak

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Ed C. Lavelle

Affiliation Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Rachel M. McLoughlin

Affiliation Host Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Kingston H. G. Mills

kingston.mills@tcd.ie

Affiliation Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Competing Interests

Kingston Mills a co-founder and shareholder in Opsona Therapeutics and TriMod Therapeutics, start-up companies involved in the development of immunotherapeutics. This does not alter our adherence to all Plos Pathogens policies on sharing data and materials. No other author has a competing interest.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PJR CES SH KW KHGM. Performed the experiments: PJR CES SH KW AM ACA. Analyzed the data: PJR CES SH KW ECL ACA RMM KHGM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ECL RMM. Wrote the paper: PJR CES KHGM.