About the Authors
- Molly R. Perkins
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Affiliations Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Caroline Ryschkewitsch
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Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Julia C. Liebner
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Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Maria Chiara G. Monaco
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Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Danielle Himelfarb
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Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Sara Ireland
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Annelys Roque
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Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Heather L. Edward
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Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Peter N. Jensen
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Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Gina Remington
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Thomas Abraham
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Jaspreet Abraham
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Benjamin Greenberg
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Charles Kaufman
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Affiliation Louisiana Neurologic Consultants. Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- Chris LaGanke
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Affiliation North Central Neurology, Cullman, Alabama, United States of America
- Nancy L. Monson
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Xiaoning Xu
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Affiliation MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Elliot Frohman
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Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Eugene O. Major
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* E-mail: majorg@ninds.nih.gov (EOM); ddouek@mail.nih.gov (DCD)
Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Daniel C. Douek
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* E-mail: majorg@ninds.nih.gov (EOM); ddouek@mail.nih.gov (DCD)
Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Competing Interests
I have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: Dr. Greenberg has received honoraria from the MSAA. He has received consulting fees from Sanofi Aventis, The Greater Good Foundation, Biogen Idec, Elan, Applied Clinical Intelligence and DioGenix. He holds equity in DioGenix, Inc. He receives grant support from the Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation, Amplimmune and Accelerated Cure Project. Dr. Frohman has received speaker and consulting fees from Biogen Idec, TEVA, Novartis, and Acorda; and consulting fees from Abbott and Genzyme. This does not alter our adherence to all PLoS Pathogens policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: BG DCD EF EOM MRP XX. Performed the experiments: AR CK CL CR DH GR HLE JA JCL MCGM MRP PNJ SI TA. Analyzed the data: CK CL CR GR JA JCL MCGM MRP NLM TA. Wrote the paper: DCD EOM MRP. Gathered patient data and samples: BG CK CL CR EOM EF GR JA NM TA.