About the Authors

Louise Slater

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom

Nathan W. Bartlett

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom

Jennifer J. Haas

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom

Jie Zhu

Affiliation Lung Pathology, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Simon D. Message

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

Ross P. Walton

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom

Annemarie Sykes

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

Samer Dahdaleh

Affiliation Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Deborah L. Clarke

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom, Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Maria G. Belvisi

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom, Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Onn M. Kon

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

Takashi Fujita

Affiliation Institute of Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Peter K. Jeffery

Affiliation Lung Pathology, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Sebastian L. Johnston

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

Michael R. Edwards

michael.edwards@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Respiratory Infection, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LS NWB JZ SDM RPW AS MGB TF PKJ SLJ MRE. Performed the experiments: LS NWB JJH JZ SDM RPW AS SD DLC MRE. Analyzed the data: LS NWB JJH RPW SD MRE. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DLC MGB OMK TF PKJ. Wrote the paper: LS SLJ MRE.