About the Authors

Bärbel Stecher

Contributed equally to this work with: Bärbel Stecher, Samuel Chaffron, Rina Käppeli

stecher@micro.biol.ethz.ch

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Samuel Chaffron

Contributed equally to this work with: Bärbel Stecher, Samuel Chaffron, Rina Käppeli

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Biology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Rina Käppeli

Contributed equally to this work with: Bärbel Stecher, Samuel Chaffron, Rina Käppeli

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Siegfried Hapfelmeier

Affiliations Gastroenterology Inselspital, Department Klinische Forschung, Bern, Switzerland, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Susanne Freedrich

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Thomas C. Weber

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Jorum Kirundi

Affiliations Gastroenterology Inselspital, Department Klinische Forschung, Bern, Switzerland, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Mrutyunjay Suar

Affiliation School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India

Kathy D. McCoy

Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Christian von Mering

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Biology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Andrew J. Macpherson

Affiliations Gastroenterology Inselspital, Department Klinische Forschung, Bern, Switzerland, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Wolf-Dietrich Hardt

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BS SC RK CvM AJM WDH. Performed the experiments: BS SC RK SH MS. Analyzed the data: BS SC RK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SF TCW JK KDM AJM. Wrote the paper: BS SC WDH. Applied for funding: BS CvM AJM WDH.