About the Authors

Christian Mitri

Affiliations Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, CNRS Unit URA3012: Hosts, Vectors and Infectious Agents, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France, Center for the Production and Infection of Anopheles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Jean-Claude Jacques

Affiliation Center for the Production and Infection of Anopheles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Isabelle Thiery

Affiliation Center for the Production and Infection of Anopheles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Michelle M. Riehle

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Jiannong Xu

Current address: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Emmanuel Bischoff

Affiliation Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, CNRS Unit URA3012: Hosts, Vectors and Infectious Agents, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Isabelle Morlais

Affiliation Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Paludisme, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IRD-OCEAC, Yaoundé, Cameroun

Sandrine E. Nsango

Affiliation Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Paludisme, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IRD-OCEAC, Yaoundé, Cameroun

Kenneth D. Vernick

kenneth.vernick@pasteur.fr

Affiliations Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, CNRS Unit URA3012: Hosts, Vectors and Infectious Agents, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France, Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Catherine Bourgouin

Affiliations Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, CNRS Unit URA3012: Hosts, Vectors and Infectious Agents, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France, Center for the Production and Infection of Anopheles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CM MMR KDV CB. Performed the experiments: CM JCJ IT IM SEN. Analyzed the data: CM MMR EB IM KDV. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CM JX IM CB. Wrote the paper: CM MMR JX EB KDV CB.